From 8487a3d94263ab3848c983c2656692ffdfb6c9ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Benjamin Adams <Armastevs@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 15 Jul 2013 12:35:00 -0500
Subject: [PATCH] Plugin and index page

---
 .htaccess                    |   12 +
 README.md                    |   16 +
 index-wp-redis.php           |   77 +
 wp-redis-cache/cache.php     |   19 +
 wp-redis-cache/index.php     |   74 +
 wp-redis-cache/options.php   |   61 +
 wp-redis-cache/predis5.2.php | 3484 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 3743 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 .htaccess
 create mode 100644 README.md
 create mode 100644 index-wp-redis.php
 create mode 100644 wp-redis-cache/cache.php
 create mode 100644 wp-redis-cache/index.php
 create mode 100644 wp-redis-cache/options.php
 create mode 100644 wp-redis-cache/predis5.2.php

diff --git a/.htaccess b/.htaccess
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02db732
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.htaccess
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+# BEGIN WordPress
+<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
+RewriteEngine On
+RewriteBase /
+RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
+RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
+RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
+</IfModule>
+
+# END WordPress
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16f77f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+
+
+
+```
+# BEGIN WordPress
+<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
+RewriteEngine On
+RewriteBase /
+RewriteRule ^index-wp-redis\.php$ - [L]
+RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
+RewriteRule . /index-wp-redis\.php [L]
+</IfModule>
+
+# END WordPress 
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/index-wp-redis.php b/index-wp-redis.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25d63ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/index-wp-redis.php
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+<?php
+
+$seconds_cache_redis = 60*60*12; // 12 hours by default
+$ip_of_your_website = '64.90.38.145';  //You must set this to the IP of your website
+$secret_string = "changeme";    /*This must be the same as in the wp-admin section if you want to manually refresh the cache
+								 ex: http://example.com/sample-post?refresh=changeme    */
+
+ 
+// so we don't confuse the cloudflare server 
+if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP'])) {
+	$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] = $_SERVER['HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP'];
+}
+
+define('WP_USE_THEMES', true);
+ 
+// Start the timer so we can track the page load time
+$start = microtime();
+ 
+include("wp-content/plugins/wp-redis-cache/predis5.2.php");  //we need this to use Redis inside of PHP
+$redis = new Predis_Client();
+ 
+$current_url = "http://".$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
+$current_url = str_replace("?refresh=$secret_string", '', $current_url);  //clean up the URL
+$current_url = str_replace("&refresh=$secret_string", '', $current_url);
+$redis_key = md5($current_url);
+
+
+//Either manual refresh cache by adding ?refresh=secret_string after the URL or somebody posting a comment
+if (isset($_GET['refresh']) || $_GET['refresh']==$secret_string || ($_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] == $current_url && $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] != '/' && $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] != $ip_of_your_website)) {
+
+	$redis->del($redis_key);
+	require('./wp-blog-header.php');
+ 
+// This page is cached, lets display it
+} else if ($redis->exists($redis_key)) {
+	$html_of_page = $redis->get($redis_key);
+	echo $html_of_page;
+ 
+// If the cache does not exist lets display the user the normal page without cache, and then fetch a new cache page
+} else if ($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] != $ip_of_your_website && strstr($current_url, 'preview=true') == false) {
+	require('./wp-blog-header.php');
+	$html_of_page = @file_get_contents($current_url);
+
+	$usr_seconds=get_option('wp-redis-cache-seconds');  //if the user has the seconds defined in the admin section use it
+	if(isset($usr_seconds) &&   is_numeric($usr_seconds))
+	{
+		$seconds_cache_redis=$usr_seconds;
+	}
+	
+	if(strlen($html_of_page) > 5000)
+	{
+	$redis->setex($redis_key, $seconds_cache_redis, $html_of_page);
+	}
+ 
+// This is what your server should get if no cache exists
+} else {
+	require('./wp-blog-header.php');
+}
+ 
+ 
+
+if ($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] != $ip_of_your_website) {
+// How long did it take to load the page? (CloudFlare may strip out comments)
+$end = microtime();
+$time = (@getMicroTime($end) - @getMicroTime($start));
+	echo "<!-- Cache system by Benjamin Adams. Page generated in ".round($time,5)." seconds. -->";
+}
+
+
+function getMicroTime($t) {
+	list($usec, $sec) = explode(" ",$t);
+	return ((float)$usec + (float)$sec);
+}
+
+
+
+?>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/wp-redis-cache/cache.php b/wp-redis-cache/cache.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54ad340
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wp-redis-cache/cache.php
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<?php
+
+add_action('transition_post_status', 'refresh_wp_redis_cache',10,3);
+
+//clears the cache after you update a post
+function refresh_wp_redis_cache( $new, $old, $post )
+{
+
+if($new == "publish")
+{
+$permalink = get_permalink( $post->ID );
+
+include("predis5.2.php");  //we need this to use Redis inside of PHP
+$redis = new Predis_Client();
+
+$redis_key = md5($permalink);
+$redis->del($redis_key);
+}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/wp-redis-cache/index.php b/wp-redis-cache/index.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3dcb4e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wp-redis-cache/index.php
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+<?php
+class wctest{
+    public function __construct(){
+        if(is_admin()){
+	    add_action('admin_menu', array($this, 'add_plugin_page'));
+	    add_action('admin_init', array($this, 'page_init'));
+	}
+    }
+	
+    public function add_plugin_page(){
+        // This page will be under "Settings"
+	add_options_page('Settings Admin', 'Settings', 'manage_options', 'test-setting-admin', array($this, 'create_admin_page'));
+    }
+
+    public function create_admin_page(){
+        ?>
+	<div class="wrap">
+	    <?php screen_icon(); ?>
+	    <h2>Settings</h2>			
+	    <form method="post" action="options.php">
+	        <?php
+                    // This prints out all hidden setting fields
+		    settings_fields('test_option_group');	
+		    do_settings_sections('test-setting-admin');
+		?>
+	        <?php submit_button(); ?>
+	    </form>
+	</div>
+	<?php
+    }
+	
+    public function page_init(){		
+	register_setting('test_option_group', 'array_key', array($this, 'check_ID'));
+		
+        add_settings_section(
+	    'setting_section_id',
+	    'Setting',
+	    array($this, 'print_section_info'),
+	    'test-setting-admin'
+	);	
+		
+	add_settings_field(
+	    'some_id', 
+	    'Some ID(Title)', 
+	    array($this, 'create_an_id_field'), 
+	    'test-setting-admin',
+	    'setting_section_id'			
+	);		
+    }
+	
+    public function check_ID($input){
+        if(is_numeric($input['some_id'])){
+	    $mid = $input['some_id'];			
+	    if(get_option('test_some_id') === FALSE){
+		add_option('test_some_id', $mid);
+	    }else{
+		update_option('test_some_id', $mid);
+	    }
+	}else{
+	    $mid = '';
+	}
+	return $mid;
+    }
+	
+    public function print_section_info(){
+	print 'Enter your setting below:';
+    }
+	
+    public function create_an_id_field(){
+        ?><input type="text" id="input_whatever_unique_id_I_want" name="array_key[some_id]" value="<?=get_option('test_some_id');?>" /><?php
+    }
+}
+
+$wctest = new wctest();
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/wp-redis-cache/options.php b/wp-redis-cache/options.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bf57f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wp-redis-cache/options.php
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+<?php
+/*
+Plugin Name: Wp Redis Cache
+Plugin URI: https://github.com/BenjaminAdams/wp-redis-cache
+Description: Cache Wordpress with redis
+Version: 1.0
+Author: Benjamin Adams
+Author URI: http://dudelol.com
+/*  Copyright 2013  Benjamin Adams  (email : ben@dudelol.com)
+
+    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2, as 
+    published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
+*/
+
+
+//Custom Theme Settings
+add_action('admin_menu', 'add_redis_interface');
+
+function add_redis_interface() {
+    add_options_page('Wp Redis', 'Wp Redis', '8', 'functions', 'edit_redis_options');
+}
+
+function edit_redis_options() {
+    ?>
+    <div class='wrap'>
+    <h2>Wp-Redis Options</h2>
+    <form method="post" action="options.php">
+    <?php wp_nonce_field('update-options') ?>
+
+    <p><strong>Seconds of Caching:</strong><br />
+	How many seconds would you like to cache?  *Recommended 12 hours or 43200 seconds <br />
+    <input type="text" name="wp-redis-cache-seconds" size="45" value="<?php echo get_option('wp-redis-cache-seconds'); ?>" /></p>
+
+    <p><strong>Secret String:</strong><br />
+	To refresh the cache of your post manually you will need to set a secret string so do can refresh manually like so:
+	<br />	http://example.com/post_name?refresh=secret_string.  <br />
+	<br />Important! You must change this in the index-wp-redis.php file<br />
+    <input type="text" name="wp-redis-secret" size="45" value="<?php echo get_option('wp-redis-secret'); ?>" /></p>
+
+   
+    <p><input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Update Options" /></p>
+
+    <input type="hidden" name="action" value="update" />
+    <input type="hidden" name="page_options" value="wp-redis-cache-seconds,wp-redis-secret" />
+
+    </form>
+    </div>
+    <?php
+}
+
+include('cache.php');
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/wp-redis-cache/predis5.2.php b/wp-redis-cache/predis5.2.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8944d82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wp-redis-cache/predis5.2.php
@@ -0,0 +1,3484 @@
+<?php
+class PredisException extends Exception { }
+
+// Client-side errors
+class Predis_ClientException extends PredisException { }
+
+// Aborted multi/exec
+class Predis_AbortedMultiExec extends PredisException { }
+
+// Server-side errors
+class Predis_ServerException extends PredisException {
+    public function toResponseError() {
+        return new Predis_ResponseError($this->getMessage());
+    }
+}
+
+// Communication errors
+class Predis_CommunicationException extends PredisException {
+    private $_connection;
+
+    public function __construct(Predis_Connection $connection, $message = null, $code = null) {
+        $this->_connection = $connection;
+        parent::__construct($message, $code);
+    }
+
+    public function getConnection() { return $this->_connection; }
+    public function shouldResetConnection() {  return true; }
+}
+
+// Unexpected responses
+class Predis_MalformedServerResponse extends Predis_CommunicationException { }
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+class Predis_Client {
+    const VERSION = '0.6.6';
+    private $_options, $_connection, $_serverProfile, $_responseReader;
+
+    public function __construct($parameters = null, $clientOptions = null) {
+        $this->setupClient($clientOptions !== null ? $clientOptions : new Predis_ClientOptions());
+        $this->setupConnection($parameters);
+    }
+
+    public static function create(/* arguments */) {
+        $argv = func_get_args();
+        $argc = func_num_args();
+
+        $options = null;
+        $lastArg = $argv[$argc-1];
+        if ($argc > 0 && !is_string($lastArg) && ($lastArg instanceof Predis_ClientOptions ||
+            is_subclass_of($lastArg, 'Predis_RedisServerProfile'))) {
+            $options = array_pop($argv);
+            $argc--;
+        }
+
+        if ($argc === 0) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException('Missing connection parameters');
+        }
+
+        return new Predis_Client($argc === 1 ? $argv[0] : $argv, $options);
+    }
+
+    private static function filterClientOptions($options) {
+        if ($options instanceof Predis_ClientOptions) {
+            return $options;
+        }
+        if (is_array($options)) {
+            return new Predis_ClientOptions($options);
+        }
+        if ($options instanceof Predis_RedisServerProfile) {
+            return new Predis_ClientOptions(array(
+                'profile' => $options
+            ));
+        }
+        if (is_string($options)) {
+            return new Predis_ClientOptions(array(
+                'profile' => Predis_RedisServerProfile::get($options)
+            ));
+        }
+        throw new InvalidArgumentException("Invalid type for client options");
+    }
+
+    private function setupClient($options) {
+        $options = self::filterClientOptions($options);
+
+        $this->setProfile($options->profile);
+
+        $reader = $options->reader;
+        $reader->setOption('iterable_multibulk', $options->iterable_multibulk);
+        $reader->setOption('throw_on_error', $options->throw_on_error);
+
+        $this->_options = $options;
+        $this->_responseReader = $reader;
+    }
+
+    private function setupConnection($parameters) {
+        if ($parameters !== null && !(is_array($parameters) || is_string($parameters))) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException('Invalid parameters type (array or string expected)');
+        }
+        if (is_array($parameters) && isset($parameters[0])) {
+            $cluster = new Predis_ConnectionCluster($this->_options->key_distribution);
+            foreach ($parameters as $shardParams) {
+                $cluster->add($this->createConnection($shardParams));
+            }
+            $this->setConnection($cluster);
+        }
+        else {
+            $this->setConnection($this->createConnection($parameters));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function createConnection($parameters) {
+        if (!$parameters instanceof Predis_ConnectionParameters) {
+            $parameters = new Predis_ConnectionParameters($parameters);
+        }
+
+        $connection = new Predis_Connection($parameters, $this->_responseReader);
+        if ($parameters->password !== null) {
+            $connection->pushInitCommand($this->createCommand(
+                'auth', array($parameters->password)
+            ));
+        }
+        if ($parameters->database !== null) {
+            $connection->pushInitCommand($this->createCommand(
+                'select', array($parameters->database)
+            ));
+        }
+
+        return $connection;
+    }
+
+    private function setConnection(Predis_IConnection $connection) {
+        $this->_connection = $connection;
+    }
+
+    public function setProfile($serverProfile) {
+        if ($serverProfile instanceof Predis_RedisServerProfile) {
+            $this->_serverProfile = $serverProfile;
+        }
+        else if (is_string($serverProfile)) {
+            $this->_serverProfile = Predis_RedisServerProfile::get($serverProfile);
+        }
+        else {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                "Invalid type for server profile, Predis_RedisServerProfile or string expected"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function getProfile() {
+        return $this->_serverProfile;
+    }
+
+    public function getResponseReader() {
+        return $this->_responseReader;
+    }
+
+    public function getClientFor($connectionAlias) {
+        if (!Predis_Shared_Utils::isCluster($this->_connection)) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                'This method is supported only when the client is connected to a cluster of connections'
+            );
+        }
+
+        $connection = $this->_connection->getConnectionById($connectionAlias);
+        if ($connection === null) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                "Invalid connection alias: '$connectionAlias'"
+            );
+        }
+
+        $newClient = new Predis_Client();
+        $newClient->setupClient($this->_options);
+        $newClient->setConnection($connection);
+        return $newClient;
+    }
+
+    public function connect() {
+        $this->_connection->connect();
+    }
+
+    public function disconnect() {
+        $this->_connection->disconnect();
+    }
+
+    public function isConnected() {
+        return $this->_connection->isConnected();
+    }
+
+    public function getConnection($id = null) {
+        if (!isset($id)) {
+            return $this->_connection;
+        }
+        else {
+            return Predis_Shared_Utils::isCluster($this->_connection) 
+                ? $this->_connection->getConnectionById($id)
+                : $this->_connection;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function __call($method, $arguments) {
+        $command = $this->_serverProfile->createCommand($method, $arguments);
+        return $this->_connection->executeCommand($command);
+    }
+
+    public function createCommand($method, $arguments = array()) {
+        return $this->_serverProfile->createCommand($method, $arguments);
+    }
+
+    public function executeCommand(Predis_Command $command) {
+        return $this->_connection->executeCommand($command);
+    }
+
+    public function executeCommandOnShards(Predis_Command $command) {
+        $replies = array();
+        if (Predis_Shared_Utils::isCluster($this->_connection)) {
+            foreach($this->_connection as $connection) {
+                $replies[] = $connection->executeCommand($command);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            $replies[] = $this->_connection->executeCommand($command);
+        }
+        return $replies;
+    }
+
+    public function rawCommand($rawCommandData, $closesConnection = false) {
+        if (Predis_Shared_Utils::isCluster($this->_connection)) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException('Cannot send raw commands when connected to a cluster of Redis servers');
+        }
+        return $this->_connection->rawCommand($rawCommandData, $closesConnection);
+    }
+
+    private function sharedInitializer($argv, $initializer) {
+        $argc = count($argv);
+        if ($argc === 0) {
+            return $this->$initializer();
+        }
+        else if ($argc === 1) {
+            list($arg0) = $argv;
+            return is_array($arg0) ? $this->$initializer($arg0) : $this->$initializer(null, $arg0);
+        }
+        else if ($argc === 2) {
+            list($arg0, $arg1) = $argv;
+            return $this->$initializer($arg0, $arg1);
+        }
+        return $this->$initializer($this, $arguments);
+    }
+
+    public function pipeline(/* arguments */) {
+        $args = func_get_args();
+        return $this->sharedInitializer($args, 'initPipeline');
+    }
+
+    public function pipelineSafe($pipelineBlock = null) {
+        return $this->initPipeline(array('safe' => true), $pipelineBlock);
+    }
+
+    private function initPipeline(Array $options = null, $pipelineBlock = null) {
+        $pipeline = null;
+        if (isset($options)) {
+            if (isset($options['safe']) && $options['safe'] == true) {
+                $connection = $this->getConnection();
+                $pipeline   = new Predis_CommandPipeline($this, $connection instanceof Predis_Connection
+                    ? new Predis_Pipeline_SafeExecutor($connection)
+                    : new Predis_Pipeline_SafeClusterExecutor($connection)
+                );
+            }
+            else {
+                $pipeline = new Predis_CommandPipeline($this);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            $pipeline = new Predis_CommandPipeline($this);
+        }
+        return $this->pipelineExecute($pipeline, $pipelineBlock);
+    }
+
+    private function pipelineExecute(Predis_CommandPipeline $pipeline, $block) {
+        return $block !== null ? $pipeline->execute($block) : $pipeline;
+    }
+
+    public function multiExec(/* arguments */) {
+        $args = func_get_args();
+        return $this->sharedInitializer($args, 'initMultiExec');
+    }
+
+    private function initMultiExec(Array $options = null, $transBlock = null) {
+        $multi = isset($options) ? new Predis_MultiExecBlock($this, $options) : new Predis_MultiExecBlock($this);
+        return $transBlock !== null ? $multi->execute($transBlock) : $multi;
+    }
+
+    public function pubSubContext(Array $options = null) {
+        return new Predis_PubSubContext($this, $options);
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+interface Predis_IClientOptionsHandler {
+    public function validate($option, $value);
+    public function getDefault();
+}
+
+class Predis_ClientOptionsProfile implements Predis_IClientOptionsHandler {
+    public function validate($option, $value) {
+        if ($value instanceof Predis_RedisServerProfile) {
+            return $value;
+        }
+        if (is_string($value)) {
+            return Predis_RedisServerProfile::get($value);
+        }
+        throw new InvalidArgumentException("Invalid value for option $option");
+    }
+
+    public function getDefault() {
+        return Predis_RedisServerProfile::getDefault();
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ClientOptionsKeyDistribution implements Predis_IClientOptionsHandler {
+    public function validate($option, $value) {
+        if ($value instanceof Predis_Distribution_IDistributionStrategy) {
+            return $value;
+        }
+        if (is_string($value)) {
+            $valueReflection = new ReflectionClass($value);
+            if ($valueReflection->isSubclassOf('Predis_Distribution_IDistributionStrategy')) {
+                return new $value;
+            }
+        }
+        throw new InvalidArgumentException("Invalid value for option $option");
+    }
+
+    public function getDefault() {
+        return new Predis_Distribution_HashRing();
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ClientOptionsIterableMultiBulk implements Predis_IClientOptionsHandler {
+    public function validate($option, $value) {
+        return (bool) $value;
+    }
+
+    public function getDefault() {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ClientOptionsThrowOnError implements Predis_IClientOptionsHandler {
+    public function validate($option, $value) {
+        return (bool) $value;
+    }
+
+    public function getDefault() {
+        return true;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ClientOptionsReader implements Predis_IClientOptionsHandler {
+    public function validate($option, $value) {
+        if ($value instanceof Predis_IResponseReader) {
+            return $value;
+        }
+        if (is_string($value)) {
+            if ($value === 'composable') {
+                return new Predis_ResponseReader();
+            }
+            $valueReflection = new ReflectionClass($value);
+            if ($valueReflection->isSubclassOf('Predis_IResponseReader')) {
+                return new $value;
+            }
+        }
+        throw new InvalidArgumentException("Invalid value for option $option");
+    }
+
+    public function getDefault() {
+        return new Predis_FastResponseReader();
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ClientOptions {
+    private static $_optionsHandlers;
+    private $_options;
+
+    public function __construct($options = null) {
+        self::initializeOptionsHandlers();
+        $this->initializeOptions($options !== null ? $options : array());
+    }
+
+    private static function initializeOptionsHandlers() {
+        if (!isset(self::$_optionsHandlers)) {
+            self::$_optionsHandlers = self::getOptionsHandlers();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static function getOptionsHandlers() {
+        return array(
+            'profile'    => new Predis_ClientOptionsProfile(),
+            'key_distribution' => new Predis_ClientOptionsKeyDistribution(),
+            'iterable_multibulk' => new Predis_ClientOptionsIterableMultiBulk(),
+            'throw_on_error' => new Predis_ClientOptionsThrowOnError(),
+            'reader' => new Predis_ClientOptionsReader(),
+        );
+    }
+
+    private function initializeOptions($options) {
+        foreach ($options as $option => $value) {
+            if (isset(self::$_optionsHandlers[$option])) {
+                $handler = self::$_optionsHandlers[$option];
+                $this->_options[$option] = $handler->validate($option, $value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function __get($option) {
+        if (!isset($this->_options[$option])) {
+            $defaultValue = self::$_optionsHandlers[$option]->getDefault();
+            $this->_options[$option] = $defaultValue;
+        }
+        return $this->_options[$option];
+    }
+
+    public function __isset($option) {
+        return isset(self::$_optionsHandlers[$option]);
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+class Predis_Protocol {
+    const NEWLINE = "\r\n";
+    const OK      = 'OK';
+    const ERROR   = 'ERR';
+    const QUEUED  = 'QUEUED';
+    const NULL    = 'nil';
+
+    const PREFIX_STATUS     = '+';
+    const PREFIX_ERROR      = '-';
+    const PREFIX_INTEGER    = ':';
+    const PREFIX_BULK       = '$';
+    const PREFIX_MULTI_BULK = '*';
+}
+
+abstract class Predis_Command {
+    private $_hash;
+    private $_arguments = array();
+
+    public abstract function getCommandId();
+
+    public abstract function serializeRequest($command, $arguments);
+
+    public function canBeHashed() {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function getHash(Predis_Distribution_IDistributionStrategy $distributor) {
+        if (isset($this->_hash)) {
+            return $this->_hash;
+        }
+
+        if (isset($this->_arguments[0])) {
+            // TODO: should we throw an exception if the command does 
+            //       not support sharding?
+            $key = $this->_arguments[0];
+
+            $start = strpos($key, '{');
+            if ($start !== false) {
+                $end = strpos($key, '}', $start);
+                if ($end !== false) {
+                    $key = substr($key, ++$start, $end - $start);
+                }
+            }
+
+            $this->_hash = $distributor->generateKey($key);
+            return $this->_hash;
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public function closesConnection() {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    protected function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+
+    public function setArguments(/* arguments */) {
+        $this->_arguments = $this->filterArguments(func_get_args());
+        unset($this->_hash);
+    }
+
+    public function setArgumentsArray(Array $arguments) {
+        $this->_arguments = $this->filterArguments($arguments);
+        unset($this->_hash);
+    }
+
+    public function getArguments() {
+        return $this->_arguments;
+    }
+
+    public function getArgument($index = 0) {
+        if (isset($this->_arguments[$index]) === true) {
+            return $this->_arguments[$index];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        return $data;
+    }
+
+    public final function invoke() {
+        return $this->serializeRequest($this->getCommandId(), $this->getArguments());
+    }
+}
+
+abstract class Predis_InlineCommand extends Predis_Command {
+    public function serializeRequest($command, $arguments) {
+        if (isset($arguments[0]) && is_array($arguments[0])) {
+            $arguments[0] = implode($arguments[0], ' ');
+        }
+        return $command . (count($arguments) > 0
+            ? ' ' . implode($arguments, ' ') . "\r\n" : "\r\n"
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+abstract class Predis_BulkCommand extends Predis_Command {
+    public function serializeRequest($command, $arguments) {
+        $data = array_pop($arguments);
+        if (is_array($data)) {
+            $data = implode($data, ' ');
+        }
+        return $command . ' ' . implode($arguments, ' ') . ' ' . strlen($data) . 
+            "\r\n" . $data . "\r\n";
+    }
+}
+
+abstract class Predis_MultiBulkCommand extends Predis_Command {
+    public function serializeRequest($command, $arguments) {
+        $cmd_args = null;
+        $argsc    = count($arguments);
+
+        if ($argsc === 1 && is_array($arguments[0])) {
+            $cmd_args = $arguments[0];
+            $argsc = count($cmd_args);
+        }
+        else {
+            $cmd_args = $arguments;
+        }
+
+        $cmdlen  = strlen($command);
+        $reqlen  = $argsc + 1;
+
+        $buffer = "*{$reqlen}\r\n\${$cmdlen}\r\n{$command}\r\n";
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $reqlen - 1; $i++) {
+            $argument = $cmd_args[$i];
+            $arglen  = strlen($argument);
+            $buffer .= "\${$arglen}\r\n{$argument}\r\n";
+        }
+
+        return $buffer;
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+interface Predis_IResponseHandler {
+    function handle(Predis_Connection $connection, $payload);
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseStatusHandler implements Predis_IResponseHandler {
+    public function handle(Predis_Connection $connection, $status) {
+        if ($status === "OK") {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if ($status === "QUEUED") {
+            return new Predis_ResponseQueued();
+        }
+        return $status;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseErrorHandler implements Predis_IResponseHandler {
+    public function handle(Predis_Connection $connection, $errorMessage) {
+        throw new Predis_ServerException(substr($errorMessage, 4));
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseErrorSilentHandler implements Predis_IResponseHandler {
+    public function handle(Predis_Connection $connection, $errorMessage) {
+        return new Predis_ResponseError(substr($errorMessage, 4));
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseBulkHandler implements Predis_IResponseHandler {
+    public function handle(Predis_Connection $connection, $lengthString) {
+        $length = (int) $lengthString;
+        if ($length != $lengthString) {
+            Predis_Shared_Utils::onCommunicationException(new Predis_MalformedServerResponse(
+                $connection, "Cannot parse '$length' as data length"
+            ));
+        }
+        if ($length >= 0) {
+            return substr($connection->readBytes($length + 2), 0, -2);
+        }
+        if ($length == -1) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseMultiBulkHandler implements Predis_IResponseHandler {
+    public function handle(Predis_Connection $connection, $lengthString) {
+        $listLength = (int) $lengthString;
+        if ($listLength != $lengthString) {
+            Predis_Shared_Utils::onCommunicationException(new Predis_MalformedServerResponse(
+                $connection, "Cannot parse '$lengthString' as data length"
+            ));
+        }
+
+        if ($listLength === -1) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $list = array();
+
+        if ($listLength > 0) {
+            $handlers = array();
+            $reader = $connection->getResponseReader();
+            for ($i = 0; $i < $listLength; $i++) {
+                $header = $connection->readLine();
+                $prefix = $header[0];
+                if (isset($handlers[$prefix])) {
+                    $handler = $handlers[$prefix];
+                }
+                else {
+                    $handler = $reader->getHandler($prefix);
+                    $handlers[$prefix] = $handler;
+                }
+                $list[$i] = $handler->handle($connection, substr($header, 1));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $list;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseMultiBulkStreamHandler implements Predis_IResponseHandler {
+    public function handle(Predis_Connection $connection, $lengthString) {
+        $listLength = (int) $lengthString;
+        if ($listLength != $lengthString) {
+            Predis_Shared_Utils::onCommunicationException(new Predis_MalformedServerResponse(
+                $connection, "Cannot parse '$lengthString' as data length"
+            ));
+        }
+        return new Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseIterator($connection, $lengthString);
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseIntegerHandler implements Predis_IResponseHandler {
+    public function handle(Predis_Connection $connection, $number) {
+        if (is_numeric($number)) {
+            return (int) $number;
+        }
+        else {
+            if ($number !== 'nil') {
+                Predis_Shared_Utils::onCommunicationException(new Predis_MalformedServerResponse(
+                    $connection, "Cannot parse '$number' as numeric response"
+                ));
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+interface Predis_IResponseReader {
+    public function read(Predis_Connection $connection);
+    public function setOption($option, $value);
+    public function getOption($option);
+}
+
+class Predis_FastResponseReader implements Predis_IResponseReader {
+    private $_iterableMultibulk, $_throwErrors;
+
+    public function __construct() {
+        $this->_iterableMultibulk = false;
+        $this->_throwErrors = true;
+    }
+
+    public function read(Predis_Connection $connection) {
+        $chunk = $connection->readLine();
+        $prefix = $chunk[0];
+        $payload = substr($chunk, 1);
+        switch ($prefix) {
+            case '+':    // inline
+                switch ($payload) {
+                    case 'OK':
+                        return true;
+                    case 'QUEUED':
+                        return new Predis_ResponseQueued();
+                    default:
+                        return $payload;
+                }
+
+            case '$':    // bulk
+                $size = (int) $payload;
+                if ($size === -1) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                return substr($connection->readBytes($size + 2), 0, -2);
+
+            case '*':    // multi bulk
+                $count = (int) $payload;
+                if ($count === -1) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+                if ($this->_iterableMultibulk) {
+                    return new Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseIterator($connection, $count);
+                }
+                $multibulk = array();
+                for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
+                    $multibulk[$i] = $this->read($connection);
+                }
+                return $multibulk;
+
+            case ':':    // integer
+                return (int) $payload;
+
+            case '-':    // error
+                $errorMessage = substr($payload, 4);
+                if ($this->_throwErrors) {
+                    throw new Predis_ServerException($errorMessage);
+                }
+                return new Predis_ResponseError($errorMessage);
+
+            default:
+                throw new Predis_CommunicationException(
+                    $connection, "Unknown prefix: '$prefix'"
+                );
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function setOption($option, $value) {
+        switch ($option) {
+            case 'iterable_multibulk':
+                $this->_iterableMultibulk = (bool) $value;
+                break;
+            case 'throw_on_error':
+                $this->_throwErrors = (bool) $value;
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function getOption($option) {
+        switch ($option) {
+            case 'iterable_multibulk':
+                return $this->_iterableMultibulk;
+            case 'throw_on_error':
+                return $this->_throwErrors;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseReader implements Predis_IResponseReader {
+    private $_prefixHandlers;
+
+    public function __construct() {
+        $this->initializePrefixHandlers();
+    }
+
+    private function initializePrefixHandlers() {
+        $this->_prefixHandlers = array(
+            Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_STATUS     => new Predis_ResponseStatusHandler(), 
+            Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_ERROR      => new Predis_ResponseErrorHandler(), 
+            Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_INTEGER    => new Predis_ResponseIntegerHandler(), 
+            Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_BULK       => new Predis_ResponseBulkHandler(), 
+            Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_MULTI_BULK => new Predis_ResponseMultiBulkHandler(), 
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function setHandler($prefix, Predis_IResponseHandler $handler) {
+        $this->_prefixHandlers[$prefix] = $handler;
+    }
+
+    public function getHandler($prefix) {
+        if (isset($this->_prefixHandlers[$prefix])) {
+            return $this->_prefixHandlers[$prefix];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function read(Predis_Connection $connection) {
+        $header = $connection->readLine();
+        if ($header === '') {
+            $this->throwMalformedResponse($connection, 'Unexpected empty header');
+        }
+
+        $prefix  = $header[0];
+        if (!isset($this->_prefixHandlers[$prefix])) {
+            $this->throwMalformedResponse($connection, "Unknown prefix '$prefix'");
+        }
+
+        $handler = $this->_prefixHandlers[$prefix];
+        return $handler->handle($connection, substr($header, 1));
+    }
+
+    private function throwMalformedResponse(Predis_Connection $connection, $message) {
+        Predis_Shared_Utils::onCommunicationException(new Predis_MalformedServerResponse(
+            $connection, $message
+        ));
+    }
+
+    public function setOption($option, $value) {
+        switch ($option) {
+            case 'iterable_multibulk':
+                $handler = $value ? 'Predis_ResponseMultiBulkStreamHandler' : 'Predis_ResponseMultiBulkHandler';
+                $this->_prefixHandlers[Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_MULTI_BULK] = new $handler();
+                break;
+            case 'throw_on_error':
+                $handler = $value ? 'Predis_ResponseErrorHandler' : 'Predis_ResponseErrorSilentHandler';
+                $this->_prefixHandlers[Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_ERROR] = new $handler();
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function getOption($option) {
+        switch ($option) {
+            case 'iterable_multibulk':
+                return $this->_prefixHandlers[Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_MULTI_BULK] instanceof Predis_ResponseMultiBulkStreamHandler;
+            case 'throw_on_error':
+                return $this->_prefixHandlers[Predis_Protocol::PREFIX_ERROR] instanceof Predis_ResponseErrorHandler;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseError {
+    public $skipParse = true;
+    private $_message;
+
+    public function __construct($message) {
+        $this->_message = $message;
+    }
+
+    public function __get($property) {
+        if ($property === 'error') {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if ($property === 'message') {
+            return $this->_message;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function __isset($property) {
+        return $property === 'error';
+    }
+
+    public function __toString() {
+        return $this->_message;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ResponseQueued {
+    public $skipParse = true;
+
+    public function __toString() {
+        return Predis_Protocol::QUEUED;
+    }
+
+    public function __get($property) {
+        if ($property === 'queued') {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function __isset($property) {
+        return $property === 'queued';
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+class Predis_CommandPipeline {
+    private $_redisClient, $_pipelineBuffer, $_returnValues, $_running, $_executor;
+
+    public function __construct(Predis_Client $redisClient, Predis_Pipeline_IPipelineExecutor $executor = null) {
+        $this->_redisClient    = $redisClient;
+        $this->_executor       = $executor !== null ? $executor : new Predis_Pipeline_StandardExecutor();
+        $this->_pipelineBuffer = array();
+        $this->_returnValues   = array();
+    }
+
+    public function __call($method, $arguments) {
+        $command = $this->_redisClient->createCommand($method, $arguments);
+        $this->recordCommand($command);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    private function recordCommand(Predis_Command $command) {
+        $this->_pipelineBuffer[] = $command;
+    }
+
+    private function getRecordedCommands() {
+        return $this->_pipelineBuffer;
+    }
+
+    public function flushPipeline() {
+        if (count($this->_pipelineBuffer) > 0) {
+            $connection = $this->_redisClient->getConnection();
+            $this->_returnValues = array_merge(
+                $this->_returnValues, 
+                $this->_executor->execute($connection, $this->_pipelineBuffer)
+            );
+            $this->_pipelineBuffer = array();
+        }
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    private function setRunning($bool) {
+        if ($bool == true && $this->_running == true) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException("This pipeline is already opened");
+        }
+        $this->_running = $bool;
+    }
+
+    public function execute($block = null) {
+        if ($block && !is_callable($block)) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Argument passed must be a callable object');
+        }
+
+        // TODO: do not reuse previously executed pipelines
+        $this->setRunning(true);
+        $pipelineBlockException = null;
+
+        try {
+            if ($block !== null) {
+                $block($this);
+            }
+            $this->flushPipeline();
+        }
+        catch (Exception $exception) {
+            $pipelineBlockException = $exception;
+        }
+
+        $this->setRunning(false);
+
+        if ($pipelineBlockException !== null) {
+            throw $pipelineBlockException;
+        }
+
+        return $this->_returnValues;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_MultiExecBlock {
+    private $_initialized, $_discarded, $_insideBlock, $_checkAndSet, $_watchedKeys;
+    private $_redisClient, $_options, $_commands;
+    private $_supportsWatch;
+
+    public function __construct(Predis_Client $redisClient, Array $options = null) {
+        $this->checkCapabilities($redisClient);
+        $this->_options = isset($options) ? $options : array();
+        $this->_redisClient = $redisClient;
+        $this->reset();
+    }
+
+    private function checkCapabilities(Predis_Client $redisClient) {
+        if (Predis_Shared_Utils::isCluster($redisClient->getConnection())) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                'Cannot initialize a MULTI/EXEC context over a cluster of connections'
+            );
+        }
+        $profile = $redisClient->getProfile();
+        if ($profile->supportsCommands(array('multi', 'exec', 'discard')) === false) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                'The current profile does not support MULTI, EXEC and DISCARD commands'
+            );
+        }
+        $this->_supportsWatch = $profile->supportsCommands(array('watch', 'unwatch'));
+    }
+
+    private function isWatchSupported() {
+        if ($this->_supportsWatch === false) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                'The current profile does not support WATCH and UNWATCH commands'
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function reset() {
+        $this->_initialized = false;
+        $this->_discarded   = false;
+        $this->_checkAndSet = false;
+        $this->_insideBlock = false;
+        $this->_watchedKeys = false;
+        $this->_commands    = array();
+    }
+
+    private function initialize() {
+        if ($this->_initialized === true) {
+            return;
+        }
+        $options = &$this->_options;
+        $this->_checkAndSet = isset($options['cas']) && $options['cas'];
+        if (isset($options['watch'])) {
+            $this->watch($options['watch']);
+        }
+        if (!$this->_checkAndSet || ($this->_discarded && $this->_checkAndSet)) {
+            $this->_redisClient->multi();
+            if ($this->_discarded) {
+                $this->_checkAndSet = false;
+            }
+        }
+        $this->_initialized = true;
+        $this->_discarded   = false;
+    }
+
+    public function __call($method, $arguments) {
+        $this->initialize();
+        $client = $this->_redisClient;
+        if ($this->_checkAndSet) {
+            return call_user_func_array(array($client, $method), $arguments);
+        }
+        $command  = $client->createCommand($method, $arguments);
+        $response = $client->executeCommand($command);
+        if (!$response instanceof Predis_ResponseQueued) {
+            $this->malformedServerResponse(
+                'The server did not respond with a QUEUED status reply'
+            );
+        }
+        $this->_commands[] = $command;
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function watch($keys) {
+        $this->isWatchSupported();
+        if ($this->_initialized && !$this->_checkAndSet) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException('WATCH inside MULTI is not allowed');
+        }
+        $this->_watchedKeys = true;
+        return $this->_redisClient->watch($keys);
+    }
+
+    public function multi() {
+        if ($this->_initialized && $this->_checkAndSet) {
+            $this->_checkAndSet = false;
+            $this->_redisClient->multi();
+            return $this;
+        }
+        $this->initialize();
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function unwatch() {
+        $this->isWatchSupported();
+        $this->_watchedKeys = false;
+        $this->_redisClient->unwatch();
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function discard() {
+        if ($this->_initialized === true) {
+            $command = $this->_checkAndSet ? 'unwatch' : 'discard';
+            $this->_redisClient->$command();
+            $this->reset();
+            $this->_discarded = true;
+        }
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function exec() {
+        return $this->execute();
+    }
+
+    private function checkBeforeExecution($block) {
+        if ($this->_insideBlock === true) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                "Cannot invoke 'execute' or 'exec' inside an active client transaction block"
+            );
+        }
+        if ($block) {
+            if (!is_callable($block)) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                    'Argument passed must be a callable object'
+                );
+            }
+            if (count($this->_commands) > 0) {
+                $this->discard();
+                throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                    'Cannot execute a transaction block after using fluent interface'
+                );
+            }
+        }
+        if (isset($this->_options['retry']) && !isset($block)) {
+            $this->discard();
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException(
+                'Automatic retries can be used only when a transaction block is provided'
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function execute($block = null) {
+        $this->checkBeforeExecution($block);
+
+        $reply = null;
+        $returnValues = array();
+        $attemptsLeft = isset($this->_options['retry']) ? (int)$this->_options['retry'] : 0;
+        do {
+            $blockException = null;
+            if ($block !== null) {
+                $this->_insideBlock = true;
+                try {
+                    $block($this);
+                }
+                catch (Predis_CommunicationException $exception) {
+                    $blockException = $exception;
+                }
+                catch (Predis_ServerException $exception) {
+                    $blockException = $exception;
+                }
+                catch (Exception $exception) {
+                    $blockException = $exception;
+                    $this->discard();
+                }
+                $this->_insideBlock = false;
+                if ($blockException !== null) {
+                    throw $blockException;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (count($this->_commands) === 0) {
+                if ($this->_watchedKeys) {
+                    $this->discard();
+                    return;
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $reply = $this->_redisClient->exec();
+            if ($reply === null) {
+                if ($attemptsLeft === 0) {
+                    throw new Predis_AbortedMultiExec(
+                        'The current transaction has been aborted by the server'
+                    );
+                }
+                $this->reset();
+                if (isset($this->_options['on_retry']) && is_callable($this->_options['on_retry'])) {
+                    call_user_func($this->_options['on_retry'], $this, $attemptsLeft);
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            break;
+        } while ($attemptsLeft-- > 0);
+
+        $execReply = $reply instanceof Iterator ? iterator_to_array($reply) : $reply;
+        $sizeofReplies = count($execReply);
+
+        $commands = &$this->_commands;
+        if ($sizeofReplies !== count($commands)) {
+            $this->malformedServerResponse(
+                'Unexpected number of responses for a MultiExecBlock'
+            );
+        }
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $sizeofReplies; $i++) {
+            $returnValues[] = $commands[$i]->parseResponse($execReply[$i] instanceof Iterator
+                ? iterator_to_array($execReply[$i])
+                : $execReply[$i]
+            );
+            unset($commands[$i]);
+        }
+
+        return $returnValues;
+    }
+
+    private function malformedServerResponse($message) {
+        // Since a MULTI/EXEC block cannot be initialized over a clustered 
+        // connection, we can safely assume that Predis_Client::getConnection() 
+        // will always return an instance of Predis_Connection.
+        Predis_Shared_Utils::onCommunicationException(
+            new Predis_MalformedServerResponse(
+                $this->_redisClient->getConnection(), $message
+            )
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_PubSubContext implements Iterator {
+    const SUBSCRIBE    = 'subscribe';
+    const UNSUBSCRIBE  = 'unsubscribe';
+    const PSUBSCRIBE   = 'psubscribe';
+    const PUNSUBSCRIBE = 'punsubscribe';
+    const MESSAGE      = 'message';
+    const PMESSAGE     = 'pmessage';
+
+    const STATUS_VALID       = 0x0001;
+    const STATUS_SUBSCRIBED  = 0x0010;
+    const STATUS_PSUBSCRIBED = 0x0100;
+
+    private $_redisClient, $_position, $_options;
+
+    public function __construct(Predis_Client $redisClient, Array $options = null) {
+        $this->checkCapabilities($redisClient);
+        $this->_options = isset($options) ? $options : array();
+        $this->_redisClient = $redisClient;
+        $this->_statusFlags = self::STATUS_VALID;
+
+        $this->genericSubscribeInit('subscribe');
+        $this->genericSubscribeInit('psubscribe');
+    }
+
+    public function __destruct() {
+        if ($this->valid()) {
+            $this->closeContext();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function checkCapabilities(Predis_Client $redisClient) {
+        if (Predis_Shared_Utils::isCluster($redisClient->getConnection())) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                'Cannot initialize a PUB/SUB context over a cluster of connections'
+            );
+        }
+        $profile = $redisClient->getProfile();
+        $commands = array('publish', 'subscribe', 'unsubscribe', 'psubscribe', 'punsubscribe');
+        if ($profile->supportsCommands($commands) === false) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                'The current profile does not support PUB/SUB related commands'
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function genericSubscribeInit($subscribeAction) {
+        if (isset($this->_options[$subscribeAction])) {
+            $this->$subscribeAction($this->_options[$subscribeAction]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function isFlagSet($value) {
+        return ($this->_statusFlags & $value) === $value;
+    }
+
+    public function subscribe(/* arguments */) {
+        $args = func_get_args();
+        $this->writeCommand(self::SUBSCRIBE, $args);
+        $this->_statusFlags |= self::STATUS_SUBSCRIBED;
+    }
+
+    public function unsubscribe(/* arguments */) {
+        $args = func_get_args();
+        $this->writeCommand(self::UNSUBSCRIBE, $args);
+    }
+
+    public function psubscribe(/* arguments */) {
+        $args = func_get_args();
+        $this->writeCommand(self::PSUBSCRIBE, $args);
+        $this->_statusFlags |= self::STATUS_PSUBSCRIBED;
+    }
+
+    public function punsubscribe(/* arguments */) {
+        $args = func_get_args();
+        $this->writeCommand(self::PUNSUBSCRIBE, $args);
+    }
+
+    public function closeContext() {
+        if ($this->valid()) {
+            if ($this->isFlagSet(self::STATUS_SUBSCRIBED)) {
+                $this->unsubscribe();
+            }
+            if ($this->isFlagSet(self::STATUS_PSUBSCRIBED)) {
+                $this->punsubscribe();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function writeCommand($method, $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 1 && is_array($arguments[0])) {
+            $arguments = $arguments[0];
+        }
+        $command = $this->_redisClient->createCommand($method, $arguments);
+        $this->_redisClient->getConnection()->writeCommand($command);
+    }
+
+    public function rewind() {
+        // NOOP
+    }
+
+    public function current() {
+        return $this->getValue();
+    }
+
+    public function key() {
+        return $this->_position;
+    }
+
+    public function next() {
+        if ($this->isFlagSet(self::STATUS_VALID)) {
+            $this->_position++;
+        }
+        return $this->_position;
+    }
+
+    public function valid() {
+        $subscriptions = self::STATUS_SUBSCRIBED + self::STATUS_PSUBSCRIBED;
+        return $this->isFlagSet(self::STATUS_VALID)
+            && ($this->_statusFlags & $subscriptions) > 0;
+    }
+
+    private function invalidate() {
+        $this->_statusFlags = 0x0000;
+    }
+
+    private function getValue() {
+        $reader     = $this->_redisClient->getResponseReader();
+        $connection = $this->_redisClient->getConnection();
+        $response   = $reader->read($connection);
+
+        switch ($response[0]) {
+            case self::SUBSCRIBE:
+            case self::UNSUBSCRIBE:
+            case self::PSUBSCRIBE:
+            case self::PUNSUBSCRIBE:
+                if ($response[2] === 0) {
+                    $this->invalidate();
+                }
+            case self::MESSAGE:
+                return (object) array(
+                    'kind'    => $response[0],
+                    'channel' => $response[1],
+                    'payload' => $response[2],
+                );
+            case self::PMESSAGE:
+                return (object) array(
+                    'kind'    => $response[0],
+                    'pattern' => $response[1],
+                    'channel' => $response[2],
+                    'payload' => $response[3],
+                );
+            default:
+                throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                    "Received an unknown message type {$response[0]} inside of a pubsub context"
+                );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+class Predis_ConnectionParameters {
+    const DEFAULT_SCHEME = 'redis';
+    const DEFAULT_HOST = '127.0.0.1';
+    const DEFAULT_PORT = 6379;
+    const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 5;
+
+    private static $_defaultParameters = array(
+        'scheme' => self::DEFAULT_SCHEME,
+        'host' => self::DEFAULT_HOST,
+        'port' => self::DEFAULT_PORT,
+        'database' => null,
+        'password' => null,
+        'connection_async' => false,
+        'connection_persistent' => false,
+        'connection_timeout' => self::DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
+        'read_write_timeout' => null,
+        'alias' => null,
+        'weight' => null,
+        'path' => null,
+    );
+
+    private $_parameters;
+
+    public function __construct($parameters = null) {
+        $parameters = $parameters !== null ? $parameters : array();
+        $extractor = is_array($parameters) ? 'filter' : 'parseURI';
+        $this->_parameters = $this->$extractor($parameters);
+    }
+
+    private function parseURI($uri) {
+        if (stripos($uri, 'unix') === 0) {
+            // Hack to support URIs for UNIX sockets with minimal effort.
+            $uri = str_ireplace('unix:///', 'unix://localhost/', $uri);
+        }
+        if (($parsed = @parse_url($uri)) === false || !isset($parsed['host'])) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException("Invalid URI: $uri");
+        }
+        if (isset($parsed['query'])) {
+            foreach (explode('&', $parsed['query']) as $kv) {
+                @list($k, $v) = explode('=', $kv);
+                $parsed[$k] = $v;
+            }
+            unset($parsed['query']);
+        }
+        return $this->filter($parsed);
+    }
+
+    private function filter($parameters) {
+        return array_merge(self::$_defaultParameters, $parameters);
+    }
+
+    public function __get($parameter) {
+        return $this->_parameters[$parameter];
+    }
+
+    public function __isset($parameter) {
+        return isset($this->_parameters[$parameter]);
+    }
+}
+
+interface Predis_IConnection {
+    public function connect();
+    public function disconnect();
+    public function isConnected();
+    public function writeCommand(Predis_Command $command);
+    public function readResponse(Predis_Command $command);
+    public function executeCommand(Predis_Command $command);
+}
+
+class Predis_Connection implements Predis_IConnection {
+    private static $_allowedSchemes = array('redis', 'tcp', 'unix');
+    private $_params, $_socket, $_initCmds, $_reader;
+
+    public function __construct(Predis_ConnectionParameters $parameters, Predis_IResponseReader $reader = null) {
+        if (!in_array($parameters->scheme, self::$_allowedSchemes)) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException("Invalid scheme: {$parameters->scheme}");
+        }
+        $this->_params   = $parameters;
+        $this->_initCmds = array();
+        $this->_reader   = $reader !== null ? $reader : new Predis_FastResponseReader();
+    }
+
+    public function __destruct() {
+        if (!$this->_params->connection_persistent) {
+            $this->disconnect();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function isConnected() {
+        return isset($this->_socket);
+    }
+
+    public function connect() {
+        if ($this->isConnected()) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException('Connection already estabilished');
+        }
+        $initializer = "{$this->_params->scheme}StreamInitializer";
+        $this->_socket = $this->$initializer($this->_params);
+        if (count($this->_initCmds) > 0){
+            $this->sendInitializationCommands();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function tcpStreamInitializer(Predis_ConnectionParameters $parameters) {
+        return $this->redisStreamInitializer($parameters);
+    }
+
+    private function redisStreamInitializer(Predis_ConnectionParameters $parameters) {
+        $uri = sprintf('tcp://%s:%d/', $parameters->host, $parameters->port);
+        $connectFlags = STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT;
+        if ($parameters->connection_async) {
+            $connectFlags |= STREAM_CLIENT_ASYNC_CONNECT;
+        }
+        if ($parameters->connection_persistent) {
+            $connectFlags |= STREAM_CLIENT_PERSISTENT;
+        }
+        $socket = @stream_socket_client(
+            $uri, $errno, $errstr, $parameters->connection_timeout, $connectFlags
+        );
+
+        if (!$socket) {
+            $this->onCommunicationException(trim($errstr), $errno);
+        }
+
+        if (isset($parameters->read_write_timeout)) {
+            $rwtimeout = $parameters->read_write_timeout;
+            $rwtimeout = $rwtimeout > 0 ? $rwtimeout : -1;
+            $timeoutSeconds  = floor($parameters->read_write_timeout);
+            $timeoutUSeconds = ($rwtimeout - $timeoutSeconds) * 1000000;
+            stream_set_timeout($socket, $rwtimeout, $timeoutUSeconds);
+        }
+        return $socket;
+    }
+
+    private function unixStreamInitializer(Predis_ConnectionParameters $parameters) {
+        $uri = sprintf('unix:///%s', $parameters->path);
+        $connectFlags = STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT;
+        if ($parameters->connection_persistent) {
+            $connectFlags |= STREAM_CLIENT_PERSISTENT;
+        }
+        $socket = @stream_socket_client(
+            $uri, $errno, $errstr, $parameters->connection_timeout, $connectFlags
+        );
+        if (!$socket) {
+            $this->onCommunicationException(trim($errstr), $errno);
+        }
+        return $socket;
+    }
+
+    public function disconnect() {
+        if ($this->isConnected()) {
+            fclose($this->_socket);
+            unset($this->_socket);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function pushInitCommand(Predis_Command $command){
+        $this->_initCmds[] = $command;
+    }
+
+    private function sendInitializationCommands() {
+        foreach ($this->_initCmds as $command) {
+            $this->writeCommand($command);
+        }
+        foreach ($this->_initCmds as $command) {
+            $this->readResponse($command);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function onCommunicationException($message, $code = null) {
+        Predis_Shared_Utils::onCommunicationException(
+            new Predis_CommunicationException($this, $message, $code)
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function writeCommand(Predis_Command $command) {
+        $this->writeBytes($command->invoke());
+    }
+
+    public function readResponse(Predis_Command $command) {
+        $response = $this->_reader->read($this);
+        return isset($response->skipParse) ? $response : $command->parseResponse($response);
+    }
+
+    public function executeCommand(Predis_Command $command) {
+        $this->writeCommand($command);
+        if ($command->closesConnection()) {
+            return $this->disconnect();
+        }
+        return $this->readResponse($command);
+    }
+
+    public function rawCommand($rawCommandData, $closesConnection = false) {
+        $this->writeBytes($rawCommandData);
+        if ($closesConnection) {
+            $this->disconnect();
+            return;
+        }
+        return $this->_reader->read($this);
+    }
+
+    public function writeBytes($value) {
+        $socket = $this->getSocket();
+        while (($length = strlen($value)) > 0) {
+            $written = fwrite($socket, $value);
+            if ($length === $written) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            if ($written === false || $written === 0) {
+                $this->onCommunicationException('Error while writing bytes to the server');
+            }
+            $value = substr($value, $written);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function readBytes($length) {
+        if ($length <= 0) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Length parameter must be greater than 0');
+        }
+        $socket = $this->getSocket();
+        $value  = '';
+        do {
+            $chunk = fread($socket, $length);
+            if ($chunk === false || $chunk === '') {
+                $this->onCommunicationException('Error while reading bytes from the server');
+            }
+            $value .= $chunk;
+        }
+        while (($length -= strlen($chunk)) > 0);
+        return $value;
+    }
+
+    public function readLine() {
+        $socket = $this->getSocket();
+        $value  = '';
+        do {
+            $chunk = fgets($socket);
+            if ($chunk === false || $chunk === '') {
+                $this->onCommunicationException('Error while reading line from the server');
+            }
+            $value .= $chunk;
+        }
+        while (substr($value, -2) !== "\r\n");
+        return substr($value, 0, -2);
+    }
+
+    public function getSocket() {
+        if (isset($this->_socket)) {
+            return $this->_socket;
+        }
+        $this->connect();
+        return $this->_socket;
+    }
+
+    public function getResponseReader() {
+        return $this->_reader;
+    }
+
+    public function getParameters() {
+        return $this->_params;
+    }
+
+    public function __toString() {
+        return sprintf('%s:%d', $this->_params->host, $this->_params->port);
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_ConnectionCluster implements Predis_IConnection, IteratorAggregate {
+    private $_pool, $_distributor;
+
+    public function __construct(Predis_Distribution_IDistributionStrategy $distributor = null) {
+        $this->_pool = array();
+        $this->_distributor = $distributor !== null ? $distributor : new Predis_Distribution_HashRing();
+    }
+
+    public function isConnected() {
+        foreach ($this->_pool as $connection) {
+            if ($connection->isConnected()) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public function connect() {
+        foreach ($this->_pool as $connection) {
+            $connection->connect();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function disconnect() {
+        foreach ($this->_pool as $connection) {
+            $connection->disconnect();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function add(Predis_Connection $connection) {
+        $parameters = $connection->getParameters();
+        if (isset($parameters->alias)) {
+            $this->_pool[$parameters->alias] = $connection;
+        }
+        else {
+            $this->_pool[] = $connection;
+        }
+        $this->_distributor->add($connection, $parameters->weight);
+    }
+
+    public function getConnection(Predis_Command $command) {
+        if ($command->canBeHashed() === false) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException(
+                sprintf("Cannot send '%s' commands to a cluster of connections", $command->getCommandId())
+            );
+        }
+        return $this->_distributor->get($command->getHash($this->_distributor));
+    }
+
+    public function getConnectionById($id = null) {
+        $alias = $id !== null ? $id : 0;
+        return isset($this->_pool[$alias]) ? $this->_pool[$alias] : null;
+    }
+
+    public function getIterator() {
+        return new ArrayIterator($this->_pool);
+    }
+
+    public function writeCommand(Predis_Command $command) {
+        $this->getConnection($command)->writeCommand($command);
+    }
+
+    public function readResponse(Predis_Command $command) {
+        return $this->getConnection($command)->readResponse($command);
+    }
+
+    public function executeCommand(Predis_Command $command) {
+        $connection = $this->getConnection($command);
+        $connection->writeCommand($command);
+        return $connection->readResponse($command);
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+abstract class Predis_RedisServerProfile {
+    private static $_serverProfiles;
+    private $_registeredCommands;
+
+    public function __construct() {
+        $this->_registeredCommands = $this->getSupportedCommands();
+    }
+
+    public abstract function getVersion();
+
+    protected abstract function getSupportedCommands();
+
+    public static function getDefault() {
+        return self::get('default');
+    }
+
+    public static function getDevelopment() {
+        return self::get('dev');
+    }
+
+    private static function predisServerProfiles() {
+        return array(
+            '1.2'     => 'Predis_RedisServer_v1_2',
+            '2.0'     => 'Predis_RedisServer_v2_0',
+            '2.2'     => 'Predis_RedisServer_v2_2',
+            'default' => 'Predis_RedisServer_v2_2',
+            'dev'     => 'Predis_RedisServer_vNext',
+        );
+    }
+
+    public static function registerProfile($profileClass, $aliases) {
+        if (!isset(self::$_serverProfiles)) {
+            self::$_serverProfiles = self::predisServerProfiles();
+        }
+
+        $profileReflection = new ReflectionClass($profileClass);
+
+        if (!$profileReflection->isSubclassOf('Predis_RedisServerProfile')) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException("Cannot register '$profileClass' as it is not a valid profile class");
+        }
+
+        if (is_array($aliases)) {
+            foreach ($aliases as $alias) {
+                self::$_serverProfiles[$alias] = $profileClass;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            self::$_serverProfiles[$aliases] = $profileClass;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static function get($version) {
+        if (!isset(self::$_serverProfiles)) {
+            self::$_serverProfiles = self::predisServerProfiles();
+        }
+        if (!isset(self::$_serverProfiles[$version])) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException("Unknown server profile: $version");
+        }
+        $profile = self::$_serverProfiles[$version];
+        return new $profile();
+    }
+
+    public function supportsCommands(Array $commands) {
+        foreach ($commands as $command) {
+            if ($this->supportsCommand($command) === false) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function supportsCommand($command) {
+        return isset($this->_registeredCommands[$command]);
+    }
+
+    public function createCommand($method, $arguments = array()) {
+        if (!isset($this->_registeredCommands[$method])) {
+            throw new Predis_ClientException("'$method' is not a registered Redis command");
+        }
+        $commandClass = $this->_registeredCommands[$method];
+        $command = new $commandClass();
+        $command->setArgumentsArray($arguments);
+        return $command;
+    }
+
+    public function registerCommands(Array $commands) {
+        foreach ($commands as $command => $aliases) {
+            $this->registerCommand($command, $aliases);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function registerCommand($command, $aliases) {
+        $commandReflection = new ReflectionClass($command);
+
+        if (!$commandReflection->isSubclassOf('Predis_Command')) {
+            throw new ClientException("Cannot register '$command' as it is not a valid Redis command");
+        }
+
+        if (is_array($aliases)) {
+            foreach ($aliases as $alias) {
+                $this->_registeredCommands[$alias] = $command;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            $this->_registeredCommands[$aliases] = $command;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function __toString() {
+        return $this->getVersion();
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_RedisServer_v1_2 extends Predis_RedisServerProfile {
+    public function getVersion() { return '1.2'; }
+    public function getSupportedCommands() {
+        return array(
+            /* ---------------- Redis 1.2 ---------------- */
+
+            /* miscellaneous commands */
+            'ping'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Ping',
+            'echo'                      => 'Predis_Commands_DoEcho',
+            'auth'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Auth',
+
+            /* connection handling */
+            'quit'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Quit',
+
+            /* commands operating on string values */
+            'set'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Set',
+            'setnx'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetPreserve',
+            'mset'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetMultiple',
+            'msetnx'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetMultiplePreserve',
+            'get'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Get',
+            'mget'                      => 'Predis_Commands_GetMultiple',
+            'getset'                    => 'Predis_Commands_GetSet',
+            'incr'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Increment',
+            'incrby'                    => 'Predis_Commands_IncrementBy',
+            'decr'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Decrement',
+            'decrby'                    => 'Predis_Commands_DecrementBy',
+            'exists'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Exists',
+            'del'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Delete',
+            'type'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Type',
+
+            /* commands operating on the key space */
+            'keys'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Keys_v1_2',
+            'randomkey'                 => 'Predis_Commands_RandomKey',
+            'rename'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Rename',
+            'renamenx'                  => 'Predis_Commands_RenamePreserve',
+            'expire'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Expire',
+            'expireat'                  => 'Predis_Commands_ExpireAt',
+            'dbsize'                    => 'Predis_Commands_DatabaseSize',
+            'ttl'                       => 'Predis_Commands_TimeToLive',
+
+            /* commands operating on lists */
+            'rpush'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPushTail',
+            'lpush'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPushHead',
+            'llen'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListLength',
+            'lrange'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ListRange',
+            'ltrim'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListTrim',
+            'lindex'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ListIndex',
+            'lset'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListSet',
+            'lrem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListRemove',
+            'lpop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopFirst',
+            'rpop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLast',
+            'rpoplpush'                 => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLastPushHead',
+
+            /* commands operating on sets */
+            'sadd'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetAdd',
+            'srem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetRemove',
+            'spop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetPop',
+            'smove'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetMove',
+            'scard'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetCardinality',
+            'sismember'                 => 'Predis_Commands_SetIsMember',
+            'sinter'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetIntersection',
+            'sinterstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetIntersectionStore',
+            'sunion'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetUnion',
+            'sunionstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetUnionStore',
+            'sdiff'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetDifference',
+            'sdiffstore'                => 'Predis_Commands_SetDifferenceStore',
+            'smembers'                  => 'Predis_Commands_SetMembers',
+            'srandmember'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetRandomMember',
+
+            /* commands operating on sorted sets */
+            'zadd'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetAdd',
+            'zincrby'                   => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetIncrementBy',
+            'zrem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRemove',
+            'zrange'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRange',
+            'zrevrange'                 => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRange',
+            'zrangebyscore'             => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRangeByScore',
+            'zcard'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetCardinality',
+            'zscore'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetScore',
+            'zremrangebyscore'          => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRemoveRangeByScore',
+
+            /* multiple databases handling commands */
+            'select'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SelectDatabase',
+            'move'                      => 'Predis_Commands_MoveKey',
+            'flushdb'                   => 'Predis_Commands_FlushDatabase',
+            'flushall'                  => 'Predis_Commands_FlushAll',
+
+            /* sorting */
+            'sort'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Sort',
+
+            /* remote server control commands */
+            'info'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Info',
+            'slaveof'                   => 'Predis_Commands_SlaveOf',
+
+            /* persistence control commands */
+            'save'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Save',
+            'bgsave'                    => 'Predis_Commands_BackgroundSave',
+            'lastsave'                  => 'Predis_Commands_LastSave',
+            'shutdown'                  => 'Predis_Commands_Shutdown',
+            'bgrewriteaof'              => 'Predis_Commands_BackgroundRewriteAppendOnlyFile',
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_RedisServer_v2_0 extends Predis_RedisServerProfile {
+    public function getVersion() { return '2.0'; }
+    public function getSupportedCommands() {
+        return array(
+            /* ---------------- Redis 1.2 ---------------- */
+
+            /* miscellaneous commands */
+            'ping'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Ping',
+            'echo'                      => 'Predis_Commands_DoEcho',
+            'auth'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Auth',
+
+            /* connection handling */
+            'quit'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Quit',
+
+            /* commands operating on string values */
+            'set'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Set',
+            'setnx'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetPreserve',
+            'mset'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetMultiple',
+            'msetnx'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetMultiplePreserve',
+            'get'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Get',
+            'mget'                      => 'Predis_Commands_GetMultiple',
+            'getset'                    => 'Predis_Commands_GetSet',
+            'incr'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Increment',
+            'incrby'                    => 'Predis_Commands_IncrementBy',
+            'decr'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Decrement',
+            'decrby'                    => 'Predis_Commands_DecrementBy',
+            'exists'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Exists',
+            'del'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Delete',
+            'type'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Type',
+
+            /* commands operating on the key space */
+            'keys'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Keys',
+            'randomkey'                 => 'Predis_Commands_RandomKey',
+            'rename'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Rename',
+            'renamenx'                  => 'Predis_Commands_RenamePreserve',
+            'expire'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Expire',
+            'expireat'                  => 'Predis_Commands_ExpireAt',
+            'dbsize'                    => 'Predis_Commands_DatabaseSize',
+            'ttl'                       => 'Predis_Commands_TimeToLive',
+
+            /* commands operating on lists */
+            'rpush'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPushTail',
+            'lpush'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPushHead',
+            'llen'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListLength',
+            'lrange'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ListRange',
+            'ltrim'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListTrim',
+            'lindex'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ListIndex',
+            'lset'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListSet',
+            'lrem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListRemove',
+            'lpop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopFirst',
+            'rpop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLast',
+            'rpoplpush'                 => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLastPushHead',
+
+            /* commands operating on sets */
+            'sadd'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetAdd',
+            'srem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetRemove',
+            'spop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetPop',
+            'smove'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetMove',
+            'scard'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetCardinality',
+            'sismember'                 => 'Predis_Commands_SetIsMember',
+            'sinter'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetIntersection',
+            'sinterstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetIntersectionStore',
+            'sunion'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetUnion',
+            'sunionstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetUnionStore',
+            'sdiff'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetDifference',
+            'sdiffstore'                => 'Predis_Commands_SetDifferenceStore',
+            'smembers'                  => 'Predis_Commands_SetMembers',
+            'srandmember'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetRandomMember',
+
+            /* commands operating on sorted sets */
+            'zadd'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetAdd',
+            'zincrby'                   => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetIncrementBy',
+            'zrem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRemove',
+            'zrange'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRange',
+            'zrevrange'                 => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRange',
+            'zrangebyscore'             => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRangeByScore',
+            'zcard'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetCardinality',
+            'zscore'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetScore',
+            'zremrangebyscore'          => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRemoveRangeByScore',
+
+            /* multiple databases handling commands */
+            'select'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SelectDatabase',
+            'move'                      => 'Predis_Commands_MoveKey',
+            'flushdb'                   => 'Predis_Commands_FlushDatabase',
+            'flushall'                  => 'Predis_Commands_FlushAll',
+
+            /* sorting */
+            'sort'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Sort',
+
+            /* remote server control commands */
+            'info'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Info',
+            'slaveof'                   => 'Predis_Commands_SlaveOf',
+
+            /* persistence control commands */
+            'save'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Save',
+            'bgsave'                    => 'Predis_Commands_BackgroundSave',
+            'lastsave'                  => 'Predis_Commands_LastSave',
+            'shutdown'                  => 'Predis_Commands_Shutdown',
+            'bgrewriteaof'              => 'Predis_Commands_BackgroundRewriteAppendOnlyFile',
+
+
+            /* ---------------- Redis 2.0 ---------------- */
+
+            /* transactions */
+            'multi'                     => 'Predis_Commands_Multi',
+            'exec'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Exec',
+            'discard'                   => 'Predis_Commands_Discard',
+
+            /* commands operating on string values */
+            'setex'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetExpire',
+            'append'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Append',
+            'substr'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Substr',
+
+            /* commands operating on lists */
+            'blpop'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopFirstBlocking',
+            'brpop'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLastBlocking',
+
+            /* commands operating on sorted sets */
+            'zunionstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetUnionStore',
+            'zinterstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetIntersectionStore',
+            'zcount'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetCount',
+            'zrank'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRank',
+            'zrevrank'                  => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRank',
+            'zremrangebyrank'           => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRemoveRangeByRank',
+
+            /* commands operating on hashes */
+            'hset'                      => 'Predis_Commands_HashSet',
+            'hsetnx'                    => 'Predis_Commands_HashSetPreserve',
+            'hmset'                     => 'Predis_Commands_HashSetMultiple',
+            'hincrby'                   => 'Predis_Commands_HashIncrementBy',
+            'hget'                      => 'Predis_Commands_HashGet',
+            'hmget'                     => 'Predis_Commands_HashGetMultiple',
+            'hdel'                      => 'Predis_Commands_HashDelete',
+            'hexists'                   => 'Predis_Commands_HashExists',
+            'hlen'                      => 'Predis_Commands_HashLength',
+            'hkeys'                     => 'Predis_Commands_HashKeys',
+            'hvals'                     => 'Predis_Commands_HashValues',
+            'hgetall'                   => 'Predis_Commands_HashGetAll',
+
+            /* publish - subscribe */
+            'subscribe'                 => 'Predis_Commands_Subscribe',
+            'unsubscribe'               => 'Predis_Commands_Unsubscribe',
+            'psubscribe'                => 'Predis_Commands_SubscribeByPattern',
+            'punsubscribe'              => 'Predis_Commands_UnsubscribeByPattern',
+            'publish'                   => 'Predis_Commands_Publish',
+
+            /* remote server control commands */
+            'config'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Config',
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_RedisServer_v2_2 extends Predis_RedisServerProfile {
+    public function getVersion() { return '2.2'; }
+    public function getSupportedCommands() {
+        return array(
+            /* ---------------- Redis 1.2 ---------------- */
+
+            /* miscellaneous commands */
+            'ping'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Ping',
+            'echo'                      => 'Predis_Commands_DoEcho',
+            'auth'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Auth',
+
+            /* connection handling */
+            'quit'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Quit',
+
+            /* commands operating on string values */
+            'set'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Set',
+            'setnx'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetPreserve',
+            'mset'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetMultiple',
+            'msetnx'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetMultiplePreserve',
+            'get'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Get',
+            'mget'                      => 'Predis_Commands_GetMultiple',
+            'getset'                    => 'Predis_Commands_GetSet',
+            'incr'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Increment',
+            'incrby'                    => 'Predis_Commands_IncrementBy',
+            'decr'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Decrement',
+            'decrby'                    => 'Predis_Commands_DecrementBy',
+            'exists'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Exists',
+            'del'                       => 'Predis_Commands_Delete',
+            'type'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Type',
+
+            /* commands operating on the key space */
+            'keys'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Keys',
+            'randomkey'                 => 'Predis_Commands_RandomKey',
+            'rename'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Rename',
+            'renamenx'                  => 'Predis_Commands_RenamePreserve',
+            'expire'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Expire',
+            'expireat'                  => 'Predis_Commands_ExpireAt',
+            'dbsize'                    => 'Predis_Commands_DatabaseSize',
+            'ttl'                       => 'Predis_Commands_TimeToLive',
+
+            /* commands operating on lists */
+            'rpush'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPushTail',
+            'lpush'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPushHead',
+            'llen'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListLength',
+            'lrange'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ListRange',
+            'ltrim'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListTrim',
+            'lindex'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ListIndex',
+            'lset'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListSet',
+            'lrem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListRemove',
+            'lpop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopFirst',
+            'rpop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLast',
+            'rpoplpush'                 => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLastPushHead',
+
+            /* commands operating on sets */
+            'sadd'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetAdd',
+            'srem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetRemove',
+            'spop'                      => 'Predis_Commands_SetPop',
+            'smove'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetMove',
+            'scard'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetCardinality',
+            'sismember'                 => 'Predis_Commands_SetIsMember',
+            'sinter'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetIntersection',
+            'sinterstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetIntersectionStore',
+            'sunion'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetUnion',
+            'sunionstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetUnionStore',
+            'sdiff'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetDifference',
+            'sdiffstore'                => 'Predis_Commands_SetDifferenceStore',
+            'smembers'                  => 'Predis_Commands_SetMembers',
+            'srandmember'               => 'Predis_Commands_SetRandomMember',
+
+            /* commands operating on sorted sets */
+            'zadd'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetAdd',
+            'zincrby'                   => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetIncrementBy',
+            'zrem'                      => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRemove',
+            'zrange'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRange',
+            'zrevrange'                 => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRange',
+            'zrangebyscore'             => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRangeByScore',
+            'zcard'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetCardinality',
+            'zscore'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetScore',
+            'zremrangebyscore'          => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRemoveRangeByScore',
+
+            /* multiple databases handling commands */
+            'select'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SelectDatabase',
+            'move'                      => 'Predis_Commands_MoveKey',
+            'flushdb'                   => 'Predis_Commands_FlushDatabase',
+            'flushall'                  => 'Predis_Commands_FlushAll',
+
+            /* sorting */
+            'sort'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Sort',
+
+            /* remote server control commands */
+            'info'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Info',
+            'slaveof'                   => 'Predis_Commands_SlaveOf',
+
+            /* persistence control commands */
+            'save'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Save',
+            'bgsave'                    => 'Predis_Commands_BackgroundSave',
+            'lastsave'                  => 'Predis_Commands_LastSave',
+            'shutdown'                  => 'Predis_Commands_Shutdown',
+            'bgrewriteaof'              => 'Predis_Commands_BackgroundRewriteAppendOnlyFile',
+
+
+            /* ---------------- Redis 2.0 ---------------- */
+
+            /* transactions */
+            'multi'                     => 'Predis_Commands_Multi',
+            'exec'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Exec',
+            'discard'                   => 'Predis_Commands_Discard',
+
+            /* commands operating on string values */
+            'setex'                     => 'Predis_Commands_SetExpire',
+            'append'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Append',
+            'substr'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Substr',
+
+            /* commands operating on lists */
+            'blpop'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopFirstBlocking',
+            'brpop'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLastBlocking',
+
+            /* commands operating on sorted sets */
+            'zunionstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetUnionStore',
+            'zinterstore'               => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetIntersectionStore',
+            'zcount'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetCount',
+            'zrank'                     => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRank',
+            'zrevrank'                  => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRank',
+            'zremrangebyrank'           => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetRemoveRangeByRank',
+
+            /* commands operating on hashes */
+            'hset'                      => 'Predis_Commands_HashSet',
+            'hsetnx'                    => 'Predis_Commands_HashSetPreserve',
+            'hmset'                     => 'Predis_Commands_HashSetMultiple',
+            'hincrby'                   => 'Predis_Commands_HashIncrementBy',
+            'hget'                      => 'Predis_Commands_HashGet',
+            'hmget'                     => 'Predis_Commands_HashGetMultiple',
+            'hdel'                      => 'Predis_Commands_HashDelete',
+            'hexists'                   => 'Predis_Commands_HashExists',
+            'hlen'                      => 'Predis_Commands_HashLength',
+            'hkeys'                     => 'Predis_Commands_HashKeys',
+            'hvals'                     => 'Predis_Commands_HashValues',
+            'hgetall'                   => 'Predis_Commands_HashGetAll',
+
+            /* publish - subscribe */
+            'subscribe'                 => 'Predis_Commands_Subscribe',
+            'unsubscribe'               => 'Predis_Commands_Unsubscribe',
+            'psubscribe'                => 'Predis_Commands_SubscribeByPattern',
+            'punsubscribe'              => 'Predis_Commands_UnsubscribeByPattern',
+            'publish'                   => 'Predis_Commands_Publish',
+
+            /* remote server control commands */
+            'config'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Config',
+
+
+            /* ---------------- Redis 2.2 ---------------- */
+
+            /* transactions */
+            'watch'                     => 'Predis_Commands_Watch',
+            'unwatch'                   => 'Predis_Commands_Unwatch',
+
+            /* commands operating on string values */
+            'strlen'                    => 'Predis_Commands_Strlen',
+            'setrange'                  => 'Predis_Commands_SetRange',
+            'getrange'                  => 'Predis_Commands_Substr',
+            'setbit'                    => 'Predis_Commands_SetBit',
+            'getbit'                    => 'Predis_Commands_GetBit',
+
+            /* commands operating on the key space */
+            'persist'                   => 'Predis_Commands_Persist',
+
+            /* commands operating on lists */
+            'rpushx'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ListPushTailX',
+            'lpushx'                    => 'Predis_Commands_ListPushHeadX',
+            'linsert'                   => 'Predis_Commands_ListInsert',
+            'brpoplpush'                => 'Predis_Commands_ListPopLastPushHeadBlocking',
+
+            /* commands operating on sorted sets */
+            'zrevrangebyscore'          => 'Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRangeByScore',
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_RedisServer_vNext extends Predis_RedisServer_v2_2 {
+    public function getVersion() { return 'DEV'; }
+    public function getSupportedCommands() {
+        return array_merge(parent::getSupportedCommands(), array(
+            /* remote server control commands */
+            'info'                      => 'Predis_Commands_Info_v24',
+        ));
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+interface Predis_Pipeline_IPipelineExecutor {
+    public function execute(Predis_IConnection $connection, &$commands);
+}
+
+class Predis_Pipeline_StandardExecutor implements Predis_Pipeline_IPipelineExecutor {
+    public function execute(Predis_IConnection $connection, &$commands) {
+        $sizeofPipe = count($commands);
+        $values = array();
+
+        foreach ($commands as $command) {
+            $connection->writeCommand($command);
+        }
+        try {
+            for ($i = 0; $i < $sizeofPipe; $i++) {
+                $response = $connection->readResponse($commands[$i]);
+                $values[] = $response instanceof Iterator
+                    ? iterator_to_array($response)
+                    : $response;
+                unset($commands[$i]);
+            }
+        }
+        catch (Predis_ServerException $exception) {
+            // force disconnection to prevent protocol desynchronization
+            $connection->disconnect();
+            throw $exception;
+        }
+
+        return $values;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Pipeline_SafeExecutor implements Predis_Pipeline_IPipelineExecutor {
+    public function execute(Predis_IConnection $connection, &$commands) {
+        $sizeofPipe = count($commands);
+        $values = array();
+
+        foreach ($commands as $command) {
+            try {
+                $connection->writeCommand($command);
+            }
+            catch (Predis_CommunicationException $exception) {
+                return array_fill(0, $sizeofPipe, $exception);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $sizeofPipe; $i++) {
+            $command = $commands[$i];
+            unset($commands[$i]);
+            try {
+                $response = $connection->readResponse($command);
+                $values[] = ($response instanceof Iterator
+                    ? iterator_to_array($response)
+                    : $response
+                );
+            }
+            catch (Predis_ServerException $exception) {
+                $values[] = $exception->toResponseError();
+            }
+            catch (Predis_CommunicationException $exception) {
+                $toAdd  = count($commands) - count($values);
+                $values = array_merge($values, array_fill(0, $toAdd, $exception));
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $values;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Pipeline_SafeClusterExecutor implements Predis_Pipeline_IPipelineExecutor {
+    public function execute(Predis_IConnection $connection, &$commands) {
+        $connectionExceptions = array();
+        $sizeofPipe = count($commands);
+        $values = array();
+
+        foreach ($commands as $command) {
+            $cmdConnection = $connection->getConnection($command);
+            if (isset($connectionExceptions[spl_object_hash($cmdConnection)])) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            try {
+                $cmdConnection->writeCommand($command);
+            }
+            catch (Predis_CommunicationException $exception) {
+                $connectionExceptions[spl_object_hash($cmdConnection)] = $exception;
+            }
+        }
+
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $sizeofPipe; $i++) {
+            $command = $commands[$i];
+            unset($commands[$i]);
+
+            $cmdConnection = $connection->getConnection($command);
+            $connectionObjectHash = spl_object_hash($cmdConnection);
+
+            if (isset($connectionExceptions[$connectionObjectHash])) {
+                $values[] = $connectionExceptions[$connectionObjectHash];
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                $response = $cmdConnection->readResponse($command);
+                $values[] = ($response instanceof Iterator
+                    ? iterator_to_array($response)
+                    : $response
+                );
+            }
+            catch (Predis_ServerException $exception) {
+                $values[] = $exception->toResponseError();
+            }
+            catch (Predis_CommunicationException $exception) {
+                $values[] = $exception;
+                $connectionExceptions[$connectionObjectHash] = $exception;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $values;
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+interface Predis_Distribution_IDistributionStrategy {
+    public function add($node, $weight = null);
+    public function remove($node);
+    public function get($key);
+    public function generateKey($value);
+}
+
+class Predis_Distribution_EmptyRingException extends Exception { }
+
+class Predis_Distribution_HashRing implements Predis_Distribution_IDistributionStrategy {
+    const DEFAULT_REPLICAS = 128;
+    const DEFAULT_WEIGHT   = 100;
+    private $_nodes, $_ring, $_ringKeys, $_ringKeysCount, $_replicas;
+
+    public function __construct($replicas = self::DEFAULT_REPLICAS) {
+        $this->_replicas = $replicas;
+        $this->_nodes    = array();
+    }
+
+    public function add($node, $weight = null) {
+        // NOTE: in case of collisions in the hashes of the nodes, the node added
+        //       last wins, thus the order in which nodes are added is significant.
+        // TODO: self::DEFAULT_WEIGHT does not work for inherited classes that 
+        //       override the DEFAULT_WEIGHT constant.
+        $this->_nodes[] = array(
+            'object' => $node, 
+            'weight' => (int) ($weight !== null ? $weight : self::DEFAULT_WEIGHT), 
+        );
+        $this->reset();
+    }
+
+    public function remove($node) {
+        // NOTE: a node is removed by resetting the ring so that it's recreated from 
+        //       scratch, in order to reassign possible hashes with collisions to the 
+        //       right node according to the order in which they were added in the 
+        //       first place.
+        for ($i = 0; $i < count($this->_nodes); ++$i) {
+            if ($this->_nodes[$i]['object'] === $node) {
+                array_splice($this->_nodes, $i, 1);
+                $this->reset();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function reset() {
+        unset($this->_ring);
+        unset($this->_ringKeys);
+        unset($this->_ringKeysCount);
+    }
+
+    private function isInitialized() {
+        return isset($this->_ringKeys);
+    }
+
+    private function computeTotalWeight() {
+        $totalWeight = 0;
+        foreach ($this->_nodes as $node) {
+            $totalWeight += $node['weight'];
+        }
+        return $totalWeight;
+    }
+
+    private function initialize() {
+        if ($this->isInitialized()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (count($this->_nodes) === 0) {
+            throw new Predis_Distribution_EmptyRingException('Cannot initialize empty hashring');
+        }
+
+        $this->_ring = array();
+        $totalWeight = $this->computeTotalWeight();
+        $nodesCount  = count($this->_nodes);
+        foreach ($this->_nodes as $node) {
+            $weightRatio = $node['weight'] / $totalWeight;
+            $this->addNodeToRing($this->_ring, $node, $nodesCount, $this->_replicas, $weightRatio);
+        }
+        ksort($this->_ring, SORT_NUMERIC);
+        $this->_ringKeys = array_keys($this->_ring);
+        $this->_ringKeysCount = count($this->_ringKeys);
+    }
+
+    protected function addNodeToRing(&$ring, $node, $totalNodes, $replicas, $weightRatio) {
+        $nodeObject = $node['object'];
+        $nodeHash = (string) $nodeObject;
+        $replicas = (int) round($weightRatio * $totalNodes * $replicas);
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $replicas; $i++) {
+            $key = crc32("$nodeHash:$i");
+            $ring[$key] = $nodeObject;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function generateKey($value) {
+        return crc32($value);
+    }
+
+    public function get($key) {
+        return $this->_ring[$this->getNodeKey($key)];
+    }
+
+    private function getNodeKey($key) {
+        $this->initialize();
+        $ringKeys = $this->_ringKeys;
+        $upper = $this->_ringKeysCount - 1;
+        $lower = 0;
+
+        while ($lower <= $upper) {
+            $index = ($lower + $upper) >> 1;
+            $item  = $ringKeys[$index];
+            if ($item > $key) {
+                $upper = $index - 1;
+            }
+            else if ($item < $key) {
+                $lower = $index + 1;
+            }
+            else {
+                return $item;
+            }
+        }
+        return $ringKeys[$this->wrapAroundStrategy($upper, $lower, $this->_ringKeysCount)];
+    }
+
+    protected function wrapAroundStrategy($upper, $lower, $ringKeysCount) {
+        // NOTE: binary search for the last item in _ringkeys with a value 
+        //       less or equal to the key. If no such item exists, return the 
+        //       last item.
+        return $upper >= 0 ? $upper : $ringKeysCount - 1;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Distribution_KetamaPureRing extends Predis_Distribution_HashRing {
+    const DEFAULT_REPLICAS = 160;
+
+    public function __construct() {
+        parent::__construct(self::DEFAULT_REPLICAS);
+    }
+
+    protected function addNodeToRing(&$ring, $node, $totalNodes, $replicas, $weightRatio) {
+        $nodeObject = $node['object'];
+        $nodeHash = (string) $nodeObject;
+        $replicas = (int) floor($weightRatio * $totalNodes * ($replicas / 4));
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $replicas; $i++) {
+            $unpackedDigest = unpack('V4', md5("$nodeHash-$i", true));
+            foreach ($unpackedDigest as $key) {
+                $ring[$key] = $nodeObject;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function generateKey($value) {
+        $hash = unpack('V', md5($value, true));
+        return $hash[1];
+    }
+
+    protected function wrapAroundStrategy($upper, $lower, $ringKeysCount) {
+        // NOTE: binary search for the first item in _ringkeys with a value 
+        //       greater or equal to the key. If no such item exists, return the 
+        //       first item.
+        return $lower < $ringKeysCount ? $lower : 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+class Predis_Shared_Utils {
+    public static function isCluster(Predis_IConnection $connection) {
+        return $connection instanceof Predis_ConnectionCluster;
+    }
+
+    public static function onCommunicationException(Predis_CommunicationException $exception) {
+        if ($exception->shouldResetConnection()) {
+            $connection = $exception->getConnection();
+            if ($connection->isConnected()) {
+                $connection->disconnect();
+            }
+        }
+        throw $exception;
+    }
+
+    public static function filterArrayArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 1 && is_array($arguments[0])) {
+            return $arguments[0];
+        }
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+}
+
+abstract class Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseIteratorBase implements Iterator, Countable {
+    protected $_position, $_current, $_replySize;
+
+    public function rewind() {
+        // NOOP
+    }
+
+    public function current() {
+        return $this->_current;
+    }
+
+    public function key() {
+        return $this->_position;
+    }
+
+    public function next() {
+        if (++$this->_position < $this->_replySize) {
+            $this->_current = $this->getValue();
+        }
+        return $this->_position;
+    }
+
+    public function valid() {
+        return $this->_position < $this->_replySize;
+    }
+
+    public function count() {
+        // NOTE: use count if you want to get the size of the current multi-bulk 
+        //       response without using iterator_count (which actually consumes 
+        //       our iterator to calculate the size, and we cannot perform a rewind)
+        return $this->_replySize;
+    }
+
+    protected abstract function getValue();
+}
+
+class Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseIterator extends Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseIteratorBase {
+    private $_connection;
+
+    public function __construct(Predis_Connection $connection, $size) {
+        $this->_connection = $connection;
+        $this->_reader     = $connection->getResponseReader();
+        $this->_position   = 0;
+        $this->_current    = $size > 0 ? $this->getValue() : null;
+        $this->_replySize  = $size;
+    }
+
+    public function __destruct() {
+        // when the iterator is garbage-collected (e.g. it goes out of the
+        // scope of a foreach) but it has not reached its end, we must sync
+        // the client with the queued elements that have not been read from
+        // the connection with the server.
+        $this->sync();
+    }
+
+    public function sync($drop = false) {
+        if ($drop == true) {
+            if ($this->valid()) {
+                $this->_position = $this->_replySize;
+                $this->_connection->disconnect();
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            while ($this->valid()) {
+                $this->next();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected function getValue() {
+        return $this->_reader->read($this->_connection);
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseKVIterator extends Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseIteratorBase {
+    private $_iterator;
+
+    public function __construct(Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseIterator $iterator) {
+        $virtualSize = count($iterator) / 2;
+
+        $this->_iterator   = $iterator;
+        $this->_position   = 0;
+        $this->_current    = $virtualSize > 0 ? $this->getValue() : null;
+        $this->_replySize  = $virtualSize;
+    }
+
+    public function __destruct() {
+        $this->_iterator->sync();
+    }
+
+    protected function getValue() {
+        $k = $this->_iterator->current();
+        $this->_iterator->next();
+        $v = $this->_iterator->current();
+        $this->_iterator->next();
+        return array($k, $v);
+    }
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* miscellaneous commands */
+class Predis_Commands_Ping extends  Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'PING'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        return $data === 'PONG';
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_DoEcho extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ECHO'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Auth extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'AUTH'; }
+}
+
+/* connection handling */
+class Predis_Commands_Quit extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'QUIT'; }
+    public function closesConnection() { return true; }
+}
+
+/* commands operating on string values */
+class Predis_Commands_Set extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SET'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetExpire extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SETEX'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetPreserve extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SETNX'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetMultiple extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'MSET'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 1 && is_array($arguments[0])) {
+            $flattenedKVs = array();
+            $args = &$arguments[0];
+            foreach ($args as $k => $v) {
+                $flattenedKVs[] = $k;
+                $flattenedKVs[] = $v;
+            }
+            return $flattenedKVs;
+        }
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetMultiplePreserve extends Predis_Commands_SetMultiple {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'MSETNX'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Get extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'GET'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_GetMultiple extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'MGET'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        return Predis_Shared_Utils::filterArrayArguments($arguments);
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_GetSet extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'GETSET'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Increment extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'INCR'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_IncrementBy extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'INCRBY'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Decrement extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'DECR'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_DecrementBy extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'DECRBY'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Exists extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'EXISTS'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Delete extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'DEL'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Type extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'TYPE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Append extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'APPEND'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetRange extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SETRANGE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Substr extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SUBSTR'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetBit extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SETBIT'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_GetBit extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'GETBIT'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Strlen extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'STRLEN'; }
+}
+
+/* commands operating on the key space */
+class Predis_Commands_Keys extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'KEYS'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Keys_v1_2 extends Predis_Commands_Keys {
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        return explode(' ', $data);
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_RandomKey extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'RANDOMKEY'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return $data !== '' ? $data : null; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Rename extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'RENAME'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_RenamePreserve extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'RENAMENX'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Expire extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'EXPIRE'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ExpireAt extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'EXPIREAT'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Persist extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'PERSIST'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_DatabaseSize extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'DBSIZE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_TimeToLive extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'TTL'; }
+}
+
+/* commands operating on lists */
+class Predis_Commands_ListPushTail extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'RPUSH'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPushTailX extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'RPUSHX'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPushHead extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LPUSH'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPushHeadX extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LPUSHX'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListLength extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LLEN'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListRange extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LRANGE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListTrim extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LTRIM'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListIndex extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LINDEX'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListSet extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LSET'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListRemove extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LREM'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPopLastPushHead extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'RPOPLPUSH'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPopLastPushHeadBlocking extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'BRPOPLPUSH'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPopFirst extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LPOP'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPopLast extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'RPOP'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPopFirstBlocking extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'BLPOP'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListPopLastBlocking extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'BRPOP'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ListInsert extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LINSERT'; }
+}
+
+/* commands operating on sets */
+class Predis_Commands_SetAdd extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SADD'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetRemove extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SREM'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetPop  extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SPOP'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetMove extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SMOVE'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetCardinality extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SCARD'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetIsMember extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SISMEMBER'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetIntersection extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SINTER'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        return Predis_Shared_Utils::filterArrayArguments($arguments);
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetIntersectionStore extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SINTERSTORE'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 2 && is_array($arguments[1])) {
+            return array_merge(array($arguments[0]), $arguments[1]);
+        }
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetUnion extends Predis_Commands_SetIntersection {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SUNION'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetUnionStore extends Predis_Commands_SetIntersectionStore {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SUNIONSTORE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetDifference extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SDIFF'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetDifferenceStore extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SDIFFSTORE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetMembers extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SMEMBERS'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SetRandomMember extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SRANDMEMBER'; }
+}
+
+/* commands operating on sorted sets */
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetAdd extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZADD'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetIncrementBy extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZINCRBY'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetRemove extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZREM'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetUnionStore extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZUNIONSTORE'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        $options = array();
+        $argc = count($arguments);
+        if ($argc > 2 && is_array($arguments[$argc - 1])) {
+            $options = $this->prepareOptions(array_pop($arguments));
+        }
+        if (is_array($arguments[1])) {
+            $arguments = array_merge(
+                array($arguments[0], count($arguments[1])),
+                $arguments[1]
+            );
+        }
+        return array_merge($arguments, $options);
+    }
+    private function prepareOptions($options) {
+        $opts = array_change_key_case($options, CASE_UPPER);
+        $finalizedOpts = array();
+        if (isset($opts['WEIGHTS']) && is_array($opts['WEIGHTS'])) {
+            $finalizedOpts[] = 'WEIGHTS';
+            foreach ($opts['WEIGHTS'] as $weight) {
+                $finalizedOpts[] = $weight;
+            }
+        }
+        if (isset($opts['AGGREGATE'])) {
+            $finalizedOpts[] = 'AGGREGATE';
+            $finalizedOpts[] = $opts['AGGREGATE'];
+        }
+        return $finalizedOpts;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetIntersectionStore extends Predis_Commands_ZSetUnionStore {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZINTERSTORE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetRange extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    private $_withScores = false;
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZRANGE'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 4) {
+            $lastType = gettype($arguments[3]);
+            if ($lastType === 'string' && strtolower($arguments[3]) === 'withscores') {
+                // used for compatibility with older versions
+                $arguments[3] = array('WITHSCORES' => true);
+                $lastType = 'array';
+            }
+            if ($lastType === 'array') {
+                $options = $this->prepareOptions(array_pop($arguments));
+                return array_merge($arguments, $options);
+            }
+        }
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+    protected function prepareOptions($options) {
+        $opts = array_change_key_case($options, CASE_UPPER);
+        $finalizedOpts = array();
+        if (isset($opts['WITHSCORES'])) {
+            $finalizedOpts[] = 'WITHSCORES';
+            $this->_withScores = true;
+        }
+        return $finalizedOpts;
+    }
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        if ($this->_withScores) {
+            if ($data instanceof Iterator) {
+                return new Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseKVIterator($data);
+            }
+            $result = array();
+            for ($i = 0; $i < count($data); $i++) {
+                $result[] = array($data[$i], $data[++$i]);
+            }
+            return $result;
+        }
+        return $data;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRange extends Predis_Commands_ZSetRange {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZREVRANGE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetRangeByScore extends Predis_Commands_ZSetRange {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZRANGEBYSCORE'; }
+    protected function prepareOptions($options) {
+        $opts = array_change_key_case($options, CASE_UPPER);
+        $finalizedOpts = array();
+        if (isset($opts['LIMIT']) && is_array($opts['LIMIT'])) {
+            $limit = array_change_key_case($opts['LIMIT'], CASE_UPPER);
+            $finalizedOpts[] = 'LIMIT';
+            $finalizedOpts[] = isset($limit['OFFSET']) ? $limit['OFFSET'] : $limit[0];
+            $finalizedOpts[] = isset($limit['COUNT']) ? $limit['COUNT'] : $limit[1];
+        }
+        return array_merge($finalizedOpts, parent::prepareOptions($options));
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRangeByScore extends Predis_Commands_ZSetRangeByScore {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZREVRANGEBYSCORE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetCount extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZCOUNT'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetCardinality extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZCARD'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetScore extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZSCORE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetRemoveRangeByScore extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZREMRANGEBYSCORE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetRank extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZRANK'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetReverseRank extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZREVRANK'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_ZSetRemoveRangeByRank extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'ZREMRANGEBYRANK'; }
+}
+
+/* commands operating on hashes */
+class Predis_Commands_HashSet extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HSET'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashSetPreserve extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HSETNX'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashSetMultiple extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HMSET'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 2 && is_array($arguments[1])) {
+            $flattenedKVs = array($arguments[0]);
+            $args = &$arguments[1];
+            foreach ($args as $k => $v) {
+                $flattenedKVs[] = $k;
+                $flattenedKVs[] = $v;
+            }
+            return $flattenedKVs;
+        }
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashIncrementBy extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HINCRBY'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashGet extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HGET'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashGetMultiple extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HMGET'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 2 && is_array($arguments[1])) {
+            $flattenedKVs = array($arguments[0]);
+            $args = &$arguments[1];
+            foreach ($args as $v) {
+                $flattenedKVs[] = $v;
+            }
+            return $flattenedKVs;
+        }
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashDelete extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HDEL'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashExists extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HEXISTS'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashLength extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HLEN'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashKeys extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HKEYS'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashValues extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HVALS'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_HashGetAll extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'HGETALL'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        if ($data instanceof Iterator) {
+            return new Predis_Shared_MultiBulkResponseKVIterator($data);
+        }
+        $result = array();
+        for ($i = 0; $i < count($data); $i++) {
+            $result[$data[$i]] = $data[++$i];
+        }
+        return $result;
+    }
+}
+
+/* multiple databases handling commands */
+class Predis_Commands_SelectDatabase extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SELECT'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_MoveKey extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'MOVE'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_FlushDatabase extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'FLUSHDB'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_FlushAll extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'FLUSHALL'; }
+}
+
+/* sorting */
+class Predis_Commands_Sort extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SORT'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 1) {
+            return $arguments;
+        }
+
+        $query = array($arguments[0]);
+        $sortParams = array_change_key_case($arguments[1], CASE_UPPER);
+
+        if (isset($sortParams['BY'])) {
+            $query[] = 'BY';
+            $query[] = $sortParams['BY'];
+        }
+        if (isset($sortParams['GET'])) {
+            $getargs = $sortParams['GET'];
+            if (is_array($getargs)) {
+                foreach ($getargs as $getarg) {
+                    $query[] = 'GET';
+                    $query[] = $getarg;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                $query[] = 'GET';
+                $query[] = $getargs;
+            }
+        }
+        if (isset($sortParams['LIMIT']) && is_array($sortParams['LIMIT']) 
+            && count($sortParams['LIMIT']) == 2) {
+
+            $query[] = 'LIMIT';
+            $query[] = $sortParams['LIMIT'][0];
+            $query[] = $sortParams['LIMIT'][1];
+        }
+        if (isset($sortParams['SORT'])) {
+            $query[] = strtoupper($sortParams['SORT']);
+        }
+        if (isset($sortParams['ALPHA']) && $sortParams['ALPHA'] == true) {
+            $query[] = 'ALPHA';
+        }
+        if (isset($sortParams['STORE'])) {
+            $query[] = 'STORE';
+            $query[] = $sortParams['STORE'];
+        }
+
+        return $query;
+    }
+}
+
+/* transactions */
+class Predis_Commands_Multi extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'MULTI'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Exec extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'EXEC'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Discard extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'DISCARD'; }
+}
+
+/* publish/subscribe */
+class Predis_Commands_Subscribe extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed() { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SUBSCRIBE'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        return Predis_Shared_Utils::filterArrayArguments($arguments);
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Unsubscribe extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'UNSUBSCRIBE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SubscribeByPattern extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed() { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'UNSUBSCRIBE'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        return Predis_Shared_Utils::filterArrayArguments($arguments);
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_UnsubscribeByPattern extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'PUNSUBSCRIBE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Publish extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'PUBLISH'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Watch extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'WATCH'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (isset($arguments[0]) && is_array($arguments[0])) {
+            return $arguments[0];
+        }
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Unwatch extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'UNWATCH'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) { return (bool) $data; }
+}
+
+/* persistence control commands */
+class Predis_Commands_Save extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SAVE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_BackgroundSave extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'BGSAVE'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        if ($data == 'Background saving started') {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return $data;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_BackgroundRewriteAppendOnlyFile extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'BGREWRITEAOF'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        return $data == 'Background append only file rewriting started';
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_LastSave extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'LASTSAVE'; }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Shutdown extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SHUTDOWN'; }
+    public function closesConnection() { return true; }
+}
+
+/* remote server control commands */
+class Predis_Commands_Info extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'INFO'; }
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        $info      = array();
+        $infoLines = explode("\r\n", $data, -1);
+        foreach ($infoLines as $row) {
+            @list($k, $v) = explode(':', $row);
+            if ($row === '' || !isset($v)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!preg_match('/^db\d+$/', $k)) {
+                if ($k === 'allocation_stats') {
+                    $info[$k] = $this->parseAllocationStats($v);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                $info[$k] = $v;
+            }
+            else {
+                $info[$k] = $this->parseDatabaseStats($v);
+            }
+        }
+        return $info;
+    }
+    protected function parseDatabaseStats($str) {
+        $db = array();
+        foreach (explode(',', $str) as $dbvar) {
+            list($dbvk, $dbvv) = explode('=', $dbvar);
+            $db[trim($dbvk)] = $dbvv;
+        }
+        return $db;
+    }
+    protected function parseAllocationStats($str) {
+        $stats = array();
+        foreach (explode(',', $str) as $kv) {
+            @list($size, $objects, $extra) = explode('=', $kv);
+            // hack to prevent incorrect values when parsing the >=256 key
+            if (isset($extra)) {
+                $size = ">=$objects";
+                $objects = $extra;
+            }
+            $stats[$size] = $objects;
+        }
+        return $stats;
+    }
+} 
+
+class Predis_Commands_Info_v24 extends Predis_Commands_Info {
+    public function parseResponse($data) {
+        $info      = array();
+        $current   = null;
+        $infoLines = explode("\r\n", $data, -1);
+        foreach ($infoLines as $row) {
+            if ($row === '') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (preg_match('/^# (\w+)$/', $row, $matches)) {
+                $info[$matches[1]] = array();
+                $current = &$info[$matches[1]];
+                continue;
+            }
+            list($k, $v) = explode(':', $row);
+            if (!preg_match('/^db\d+$/', $k)) {
+                if ($k === 'allocation_stats') {
+                    $current[$k] = $this->parseAllocationStats($v);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                $current[$k] = $v;
+            }
+            else {
+                $current[$k] = $this->parseDatabaseStats($v);
+            }
+        }
+        return $info;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_SlaveOf extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'SLAVEOF'; }
+    public function filterArguments(Array $arguments) {
+        if (count($arguments) === 0 || $arguments[0] === 'NO ONE') {
+            return array('NO', 'ONE');
+        }
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+}
+
+class Predis_Commands_Config extends Predis_MultiBulkCommand {
+    public function canBeHashed()  { return false; }
+    public function getCommandId() { return 'CONFIG'; }
+}
+?>
\ No newline at end of file
-- 
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